Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Gastroenterol. May 7, 2025; 31(17): 105281
Published online May 7, 2025. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v31.i17.105281
Table 1 Comparison of parameters between male and female

Male (n = 43)
Female (n = 64)
P value
Age, year (mean ± SD)51.37 ± 16.0556.44 ± 10.420.168
BMI, kg/m2 (mean ± SD)23.36 ± 2.8322.17 ± 3.02a0.041
24-hour MII-pH monitoring, median (IQR)
    AR, times13.0 (17.0)6.0 (10.5)b0.003
    WAR, times71.0 (66.0)51.5 (54.0)a0.011
    NAR, times71.0 (64.0)23.5 (49.5)c< 0.001
    Gas reflux, times32.0 (16.0, 65.0)23.0 (14.3, 40.0)0.054
    Liquid reflux, time59.0 (54.0)38.0 (40.0)b0.005
    Mixture reflux, times59.0 (60.0)29.5 (31.5)c< 0.001
DeMeester score3.5 (6.8)1.8 (4.6)a0.033
High-resolution manometry, median (IQR)
    Length of LES, cm2.4 (0.7)2.4 (0.9)0.677
    IRP, mmHg2.88 (6.20)2.54 (3.36)0.694
    DCI, mmHg∙second∙cm231.0 (417.0)417.0 (619.3)a0.033
    DL, second6.8 (1.8)7.10 (1.8)0.654
    PCBL, cm6.9 (5.9)4.9 (5.1)a0.025