Effect of sex on the outcomes of peroral endoscopic myotomy for the treatment of achalasia

Table 5 Comparison of clinical characteristics between male and female subgroups (year ≥ 60)

Variables	Pre-POEM			Post-POEM
	Group 3: Male, year ≥ 60 (n = 26)	Group 6: Female, year ≥ 60 (n = 56)	P value	Group 3: Male, year ≥ 60 (n = 26)	Group 6: Female, year ≥ 60 (n = 56)	P value
Eckardt scores
Dysphagia			0.663			0.295
0	0	4		14	32
1	4	7		9	21
2	7	14		1	3
3	15	31		2	0
Regurgitation			0.307			0.857
0	4	8		19	37
1	9	9		5	15
2	5	15		2	4
3	8	24		0	0
Chest pain			0.874			0.243
0	14	28		23	42
1	7	18		3	14
2	3	4		0	0
3	2	6		0	0
Weight loss			0.918			0.378
0	7	12		24	54
1	5	12		1	0
2	6	16		1	1
3	8	16		0	1
Total Eckardt scores (median IQR)	6.38 (5, 8.25)	7.0 (5, 8)	0.605	1 (0, 2)	1 (0, 2)	0.076
Chicago classification	n = 19	n = 48	0.195	n = 19	n = 48	0.195
1	6	8		6	8
2	13	35		13	35
3	0	5		0	5
HRM (median IQR)
LESP, mmHg (median IQR)	24.1 (11.2, 30.4)	31.6 (24.6, 39.4)	0.032	10.0 (7.9, 20.8)	16.6 (5.6, 21.7)	0.699
IRP, mmHg (median IQR)	16.7 (10.4, 22.8)	25.2 (17.3, 30.6)	0.028	10.7 (1.4, 15.2)	13.9 (5.8, 18.0)	0.546
Length of LES, cm (median IQR)	2.4 (1.9, 3.7)	2.6 (2.0, 3.3)	0.616	1.6 (1.5, 3.0)	2.1 (1.7, 2.7)	0.697
Iodipin column, mm (median IQR)
Height	84.9 (57.3, 133.4)	91.4 (67.8, 152.6)	0.638	41.2 (39.4, 89.8)	59.4 (38.0, 101.9)	0.688
Diameter	42.5 (32.4, 96.8)	36.1 (28.5, 50.7)	0.395	28.3 (27.6, 36.9)	32.3 (17.3, 35.8)	0.961

IQR: Interquartile range; POEM: Peroral endoscopic myotomy; HRM: High-resolution manometry; LESP: Lower esophageal sphincter pressure; IRP: Integrated relaxation pressure; LES: Lower esophageal sphincter.