Observational Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Gastroenterol. Mar 28, 2025; 31(12): 98174
Published online Mar 28, 2025. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v31.i12.98174
Figure 3
Figure 3 Levels of serum inflammatory factors in healthy controls and ulcerative colitis patients. A: Interleukin-21 (IL-21); B: IL-22; C: IL-23 were significantly elevated; D: tumor necrosis factor α; E: Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor; F: IL-17; G: IL-18; H: IL-1β were significantly elevated; I: Anti-inflammatory cytokines transforming growth factor β were decreased; J: Anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 were decreased. aP < 0.05, bP < 0.01, cP < 0.001 vs healthy control. UC: Ulcerative colitis; IL: Interleukin; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor α; GM-CSF: Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor; TGF-β: Transforming growth factor β.