Randomized Controlled Trial
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Gastroenterol. Mar 28, 2025; 31(12): 104081
Published online Mar 28, 2025. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v31.i12.104081
Table 6 Number and percentage of participants with adverse events, n (%)

Placebo
Probiotic
Odds ratio
P value
Any adverse event22 (40.7)21 (38.9)0.870.845
Gastrointestinal disorders8 (14.8)6 (11.1)0.690.577
Diarrhea2 (3.7)2 (3.7)0.961.000
Stomatitis1 (1.9)0 (0)0.320.491
Stomachache2 (3.7)1 (1.9)0.470.615
Toothache1 (1.9)1 (1.9)0.961.000
Pain of epigastrium1 (1.9)2 (3.7)1.960.514
Bloated0 (0)2 (3.7)5.000.496
Gastric pain0 (0)1 (1.9)2.951.000
Dyspepsia syndrome1 (1.9)0 (0)0.320.491
Lower abdominal pain1 (1.9)0 (0)0.320.491
Nausea0 (0)1 (1.9)2.951.000
Nervous system disorders5 (9.3)8 (14.8)1.630.557
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders5 (9.3)6 (11.1)1.181.000
General disorders and administration site conditions4 (7.4)5 (9.3)1.230.523
Respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal disorders4 (7.4)1 (1.9)0.230.202
Infections and infestations2 (3.7)2 (3.7)0.961.000
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders2 (3.7)1 (1.9)0.470.615
Eye disorders1 (1.9)1 (1.9)0.961.000
Metabolism and nutrition disorders0 (0)1 (1.9)2.951.000
Vascular disorders0 (0)1 (1.9)2.951.000
Psychiatric disorders1 (1.9)0 (0)0.320.491