Kangfuxin solution alleviates esophageal stenosis after endoscopic submucosal dissection: A natural ingredient strategy

Figure 7 Kangfuxin solution inhibited upregulation of TGF-β1/Smads signaling in primary esophageal fibroblast. A-C: RT-PCR to detect gene transcription level of Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), Smad2, and Smad3; D: The western boltting determined the protein expression of TGF-β1, Smad2/3, and p-Smad2/3; E-I: Quantitation of proteins expression in D; compared to the TGF-β1 group, KFX significantly downregulated endogenous p-Smad2/3 expression; J: Representative images of immunofluorescence staining of p-Smad2 and p-Smad3, magnification, 400 ×. Data are presented as mean ± SE. ^hP < 0.001 vs the negative control group, ⁱP < 0.001 vs the TGF-β1 group, ^jP < 0.01 vs the TGF-β1 group. NC: Negative control group; KFX: Kangfuxin solution; TGF-β1: Transforming growth factor β1; WB: Western blotting.