Laparoscopic liver resection utilizing the ventral avascular area of the inferior vena cava: A retrospective cohort study

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the patients, n (%)

	Overall (n = 256)	Conventional LLR (n = 150)	Novel LLR (n = 106)	P value
Age, year	62.88 ± 10.52	62.43 ± 11.07	63.52 ± 9.71	0.414
Sex				1.000
Male	130 (50.8)	76 (50.7)	54 (50.9)
Female	126 (49.2)	74 (49.3)	52 (49.1)
Pathological types				0.707
HCC	176 (68.8)	105 (70.0)	71 (67.0)
ICC	80 (31.2)	45 (30.0)	35 (33.0)
BMI, kg/m2	23.77 ± 4.30	23.90 ± 4.29	23.59 ± 4.33	0.567
Hepatitis B/C virus				0.119
B	212 (82.8)	130 (86.7)	82 (77.4)
C	9 (3.5)	5 (3.3)	4 (3.8)
None	35 (13.7)	15 (10.0)	20 (18.9)
Cirrhosis				0.694
No	99 (38.7)	56 (37.3)	43 (40.6)
Yes	157 (61.3)	94 (62.7)	63 (59.4)
Comorbidities				0.729
No	118 (46.1)	71 (47.3)	47 (44.3)
Yes	138 (53.9)	79 (52.7)	59 (55.7)
BCLC				< 0.001
0	22 (8.6)	21 (14.0)	1 (0.9)
A	230 (89.8)	129 (86.0)	101 (95.3)
B	2 (0.8)	0 (0.0)	2 (1.9)
C	2 (0.8)	0 (0.0)	2 (1.9)
CNLC				0.650
1A	207 (80.9)	119 (79.3)	88 (83.0)
1B	45 (17.6)	29 (19.3)	16 (15.1)
2A	4 (1.6)	2 (1.3)	2 (1.9)
ECOG				0.222
0	247 (96.5)	147 (98.0)	100 (94.3)
1	9 (3.5)	3 (2.0)	6 (5.7)
Child-Pugh grade				0.757
A	249 (97.3)	145 (96.7)	104 (98.1)
B	7 (2.7)	5 (3.3)	2 (1.9)
Preoperative ICG retention rate	5.00 ± 2.06	3.57 ± 1.18	7.01 ± 1.14	< 0.001
Conversion therapy				1.000
No	253 (98.8)	148 (98.7)	105 (99.1)
Yes	3 (1.2)	2 (1.3)	1 (0.9)

LLR: Laparoscopic liver resection; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; ICC: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; BMI: Body mass index; BCLC: Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; CNLC: Chinese liver cancer; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; ICG: Indocyanine green.