Prevalence and clinical impact of sarcopenia in liver transplant recipients: A meta-analysis

Table 2 The pooled overall prevalence of sarcopenia in study subgroups

Subgroup	Studies (n)	Sarcopenia (n)	Prevalence [% (95%CI)]	I2 (%)	P value
Definition of sarcopenia
L3-SMI	15	1562	41.5 (29.6-53.9)	98.6	< 0.001a
L3-PMI	4	139	36.4 (16.2-59.5)	95.6	< 0.001a
Others	6	538	41.5 (26.7-57.1)	97.0	< 0.001a
Sex
Male	17	1280	43.3 (31.1-55.9)	98.9	< 0.001a
Female	15	366	33.1 (21.6-45.6)	95.7	< 0.001a
World region
Europe	6	458	37.7 (26.6-49.5)	94.0	< 0.001a
Asia	10	734	38.8 (23.3-55.5)	98.3	< 0.001a
North America	5	661	47.8 (33.4-62.4)	96.7	< 0.001a
Africa	2	96	57.6 (50.0-65.1)	0.0	< 0.001a
Disease types
Viral	8	407	32.3 (18.9-47.2)	97.0	< 0.001a
ALD	11	477	52.2 (36.2-68.2)	96.8	< 0.001a
NAFLD	5	54	47.2 (25.7-68.6)	85.6	< 0.001a
AIH/PSC/PBC	4	141	33.6 (19.0-48.2)	63.5	0.042a
HCC	10	399	35.9 (18.6-53.2)	98.4	< 0.001a
Other	7	123	41.2 (22.6-59.8)	92.2	< 0.001a
Child-Pugh class
A	4	121	30.4 (26.0-35.0)	44.6	0.144
B	5	157	38.9 (30.8-47.0)	56.8	0.055
C	7	446	54.3 (43.9-64.8)	88.2	< 0.001a

^aP value < 0.05.

L3-SMI: Third lumbar-skeletal muscle index; L3-PMI: Third lumbar- psoas muscle index; ALD: Alcoholic liver disease; NAFLD: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; AIH: Autoimmune hepatitis; PSC: Primary sclerosing cholangitis; PBC: Primary biliary cholangitis; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma.