Evaluating the influence of sarcopenia and myosteatosis on clinical outcomes in gastric cancer patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor

Table 1 Participant characteristics

	Sarcopenia			Myosteatosis
	Yes (n = 32)	No (n = 83)	P value	Yes (n = 32)	No (n = 83)	P value
Item, mean (SD)
Age	57.44 (11.18)	57.40 (8.57)	< 0.001	62.31 (7.69)	55.52 (9.24)	0.001
BMI	19.88 (4.39)	22.75 (3.07)	< 0.001	22.04 (3.85)	21.91 (3.85)	0.986
Sex, n (%)			< 0.001			0.703
Male	15 (46.9)	74 (89.2)		24 (75.0)	65 (78.3)
Female	17 (53.1)	9 (10.8)		8 (25.0)	18 (21.7)
Primary tumor site, n (%)			0.900			0.640
Upper 1/3	6 (18.8)	13 (15.7)		5 (15.6)	14 (16.9)
Middle 1/3	7 (21.9)	23 (27.7)		6 (18.8)	24 (28.9)
Low 1/3	18 (56.2)	45 (54.2)		20 (62.5)	43 (51.8)
Whole	1 (3.1)	2 (2.4)		1 (3.1)	2 (2.4)
Pathology, n (%)			0.166			0.344
Adenocarcinoma	6 (18.8)	22 (26.5)		5 (15.6)	23 (27.7)
Others1	5 (15.6)	4 (4.8)		2 (6.3)	7 (8.4)
Unknown	21 (65.6)	57 (68.7)		25 (78.1)	53 (63.9)
TNM stage, n (%)			0.608			0.141
Ⅲ	7 (21.9)	22 (26.5)		5 (15.6)	24 (28.9)
Ⅳ	25 (78.1)	61 (73.5)		27 (84.4)	59 (71.1)
PD-1, n (%)			0.281			0.698
Positive	5 (15.6)	5 (6.1)		4 (12.5)	6 (7.2)
Negative	2 (6.3)	7 (8.4)		2 (6.3)	7 (8.4)
Unknown	25 (78.1)	71 (85.5)		26 (81.2)	70 (84.4)
PD-L1, n (%)			0.281			0.710
Positive	5 (15.6)	5 (6.1)		4 (12.5)	6 (7.2)
Negative	2 (6.3)	8 (8.4)		2 (6.3)	8 (9.6)
Unknown	25 (78.1)	70 (85.5)		26 (81.2)	69 (83.2)
AFP, n (%)			0.702			0.221
< 2.92 ng/mL	19 (59.4)	46 (55.4)		21 (65.6)	44 (53.0)
≥ 2.92 ng/mL	13 (40.6)	37 (44.6)		11 (34.4)	39 (47.0)
CEA, n (%)			0.933			0.315
< 4.24 ng/mL	9 (28.1)	24 (28.9)		7 (21.9)	26 (31.3)
≥ 4.24 ng/mL	23 (71.9)	59 (71.1)		25 (78.1)	57 (68.7)
CA199, n (%)			0.859			0.295
< 17.63 U/L	21 (65.6)	53 (63.9)		23 (71.9)	51 (61.4)
≥ 17.63 U/L	11 (34.4)	30 (36.1)		9 (28.1)	32 (38.6)
CA724, n (%)			0.704			0.955
< 4.40 U/L	20 (62.5)	55 (66.3)		21 (65.6)	54 (65.1)
≥ 4.40 U/L	12 (37.5)	28 (33.7)		11 (34.4)	29 (34.9)
CA125Ⅱ, n (%)			0.811			0.756
< 21.94 U/L	26 (81.3)	69 (83.1)		27 (81.9)	68 (84.4)
≥ 21.94 U/L	6 (18.8)	14 (16.9)		5 (18.1)	15 (15.6)
Sarcopenia, n (%)						0.057
Yes				13 (59.4)	19 (22.9)
No				19 (40.6)	64 (77.1)
Myosteatosis, n (%)			0.057
Yes	13 (40.6)	19 (22.9)
NO	19 (59.4)	64 (77.1)

¹Others comprised mucinous carcinoma, signet ring cell carcinoma, and mixed carcinoma. BMI: Body mass index; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CA199: Carbohydrate antigen 199; CA724: Carbohydrate antigen 724; CA125II: Carbohydrate antigen 125II; PD-1: Programmed cell death protein 1; PD-L1: Programmed death ligand 1.