Bile acids inhibit ferroptosis sensitivity through activating farnesoid X receptor in gastric cancer cells

Figure 2 Bile acids significantly upregulated glutathione and glutathione peroxidase 4 in gastric cancer cells. A and B: Cell viability assay of two gastric cancer cell lines treated with RSL3 together with chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) or control; C and D: Malondialdehyde production in HGC-27 and MKN-45 cells treated with RSL3 (0.2 μM for HGC-27, 10 μM for MKN-45) followed by CDCA or control; E: BODIPY-589/591 C11 staining to identify lipid reactive oxygen species in the cell lines treated with RSL3 (0.2 μM for HGC-27, 10 μM for MKN-45) followed by CDCA or control; F and G: The glutathione (GSH) concentrations were measured in cells treated with CDCA; H and I: The GSH/oxidized GSH ratio was measured in cells treated with CDCA; J and K: Western blot analysis of GSH peroxidase 4 protein expression in HGC-27 and MKN-45 cells under different stimuli. Scale bar: 100 μm. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01, ^cP < 0.001. These experiments were repeated three times. CDCA: Chenodeoxycholic acid; MDA: Malondialdehyde; GPX4: Glutathione peroxidase 4; NS: Not significant.