Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase in pancreatic diseases: Mechanisms and future perspectives

Figure 2 The scheme of the potential roles of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen oxides in pancreatic stellate cells and macrophages, which facilitating pancreatic fibrosis of chronic pancreatitis. NOX: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen oxides; AIF: Apoptosis inducing factor; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; TGF: Transforming growth; IL: Interleukin; JAK: Janus kinase; STAT: Signal transducer and activator of transcription; MAPK: Mitogen-activated protein kinase.