Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase in pancreatic diseases: Mechanisms and future perspectives

Figure 1 The scheme of the potential roles of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen oxides in pancreatic acinar cells and macrophages, which leading the development of acute pancreatitis. NOX: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen oxides; AIF: Apoptosis inducing factor; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; NF-κB: Nuclear factor kappa-B; IL: Interleukin; TGF: Transforming growth factor; PDGF: Platelet-derived growth factor; PSC: Pancreatic stellate cell; DPI: Diphenylene iodium.