Prevalence and associated risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection in community households in Lanzhou city

Table 4 Multivariate analysis of factors associated with new individual-based Helicobacter pylori infection

Model	Intercept and variables	Odds ratio	95%CI	P value
Fixed effect	Intercept	0.13	0.01-1.56	0.107
	Body mass index (kg/m2)
	< 18.5	Reference
	18.5-23.9	2.80	0.64-12.27	0.171
	24-27.9	4.33	0.89-21.06	0.069
	> 28	6.71	0.87-51.80	0.068
	Family structure
	Couple's family	Reference
	Nuclear family	1.53	0.29-7.98	0.612
	Immediate family	3.43	0.80-14.71	0.097
	United States family	3.61	0.78-16.78	0.101
	Others	7.18	1.83-28.13	0.005
	Source of drinking water
	Tap water	Reference
	Purified water	3.08	1.34-7.10	0.008
	Using a refrigerator at home
	No	Reference
	Yes	0.11	0.02-0.75	0.025
	Eating regularly and on time
	Often or occasionally	Reference
	Every day	0.47	0.22-1.02	0.056
	Heartburn
	Never or rarely	Reference
	Often or occasionally	3.21	1.35-7.64	0.009
Random effect	Level 2			0.062
	Level 1 (scale parameters)

P value was calculated by multivariate analysis utilizing generalized linear mixed models and was adjusted with items of P < 0.05 in univariate logistic regression.