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©The Author(s) 2024.
World J Gastroenterol. Jan 28, 2024; 30(4): 346-366
Published online Jan 28, 2024. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i4.346
Published online Jan 28, 2024. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i4.346
Table 6 Heat stroke patient characteristics according to the time of onset of gastrointestinal symptoms
GI symptoms1 | P value | ||
On admission (n = 68) | Developed in ICU stay (n = 64) | ||
Characteristic | |||
Age, median (IQR), yr | 67.0 (57.0-76.0) | 70.0 (64.0-80.0) | 0.050 |
Female sex, n (%) | 28 (41.2) | 32 (50.0) | 0.310 |
BMI, median (IQR), kg/m2 | 22.7 (20.2-24.8) | 21.1 (20.0-23.3) | 0.050 |
GCS score at ICU admission, median (IQR) | 5.0 (3.0-8.0) | 5.0 (3.0-7.0) | 0.814 |
NRS score at ICU admission, median (IQR) | 3.0 (3.0-4.5) | 4.0 (3.0-6.0) | 0.009 |
Fever on admission | |||
Patients, n (%) | 68 (100.0) | 64 (100.0) | — |
Temperature, median (IQR), °C | 41.0 (40.0-42.0) | 41.0 (40.0-41.3) | 0.265 |
Complaints and symptoms on admission, n (%) | |||
Fever | 54 (79.4) | 39 (60.9) | 0.020 |
Altered mental state or behavior | 25 (36.8) | 30 (46.9) | 0.239 |
Dry skin or excessive sweating | 13 (19.1) | 7 (109) | 0.190 |
Rubefaction | 5 (7.4) | 6 (9.4) | 0.674 |
Fast pulse | 27 (39.7) | 13 (20.3) | 0.015 |
Polypnea | 24 (35.3) | 14 (21.9) | 0.089 |
Headache | 1 (1.5) | 2 (3.1) | 0.524 |
Syncope | 49 (72.1) | 36 (56.2) | 0.058 |
Other | 20 (29.4) | 7 (109) | 0.009 |
Coexisting disorder, n (%) | |||
Diabetes | 1 (1.5) | 9 (14.1) | 0.009 |
Hypertension | 15 (22.1) | 21 (32.8) | 0.166 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 11 (16.2) | 10 (15.6) | 0.931 |
Chronic cardiac insufficiency | 5 (7.4) | 11 (17.2) | 0.084 |
Hepatitis B infection | 1 (1.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0.330 |
Cancer | 1 (1.5) | 2 (3.1) | 0.524 |
Chronic renal disease | 0 (0.0) | 2 (3.1) | 0.142 |
Immunodeficiency | 1 (1.5) | 2 (3.1) | 0.524 |
Laboratory findings | |||
PaO2/FiO2 ratio | 240.0 (141.8-316.0) | 217.0 (165.0-285.8) | 0.775 |
White-cell count, 109/L | 12.1 (7.8-16.2) | 11.8 (8.2-14.2) | 0.667 |
Lymphocyte count, 109/L | 2.1 (1.0-3.3) | 1.2 (0.6-2.0) | 0.023 |
Platelet count, 109/L | 90.0 (60.5-120.3) | 98.5 (67.8-150.5) | 0.256 |
Hemoglobin, g/L | 126.0 (112.0-135.5) | 118.5 (103.5-137.5) | 0.106 |
Albumin, g/L | 36.5 (33.3-40.0) | 35.0 (32.1-38.6) | 0.093 |
Other findings, median (IQR) | |||
C-reactive protein, mg/L | 5.0 (0.5-10.0) | 5.0 (1.0-14.9) | 0.605 |
Procalcitonin, ng/mL | 1.4 (0.4-8.2) | 9.3 (2.2-29.3) | 0.055 |
Lactate dehydrogenase, U/L | 465.0 (314.3-810.3) | 382.5 (282.8-537.8) | 0.263 |
Aspartate aminotransferase, U/L | 123.9 (58.3-272.3) | 107.2 (44.0-268.3) | 0.152 |
Alanine aminotransferase, U/L | 46.5 (26.2-112.4) | 48.0 (27.1-89.5) | 0.247 |
Total bilirubin, μmol/L | 18.5 (12.8-25.9) | 15.6 (10.1-23.0) | 0.211 |
CK-Mb, U/L | 10.1 (2.9-33.1) | 8.7 (3.3-41.0) | 0.214 |
Creatinine, μmol/L | 131.1 (105.3-182.8) | 137.0 (97.5-171.0) | 0.628 |
D-dimer, mg/L | 3.9 (2.5-11.5) | 4.6 (1.9-12.7) | 0.524 |
Minerals, median (IQR), mmol/L | |||
Sodium | 132.0 (129.0-137.0) | 133.9 (128.5-136.8) | 0.959 |
Potassium | 3.3 (3.0-3.9) | 3.5 (2.9-3.8) | 0.849 |
Lactate | 4.2 (3.1-5.5) | 3.6 (2.4-5.3) | 0.649 |
Complication, n (%) | |||
Disturbance of water and electrolyte | 51 (75.0) | 44 (68.8) | 0.424 |
Rhabdomyolysis | 21 (30.9) | 13 (20.3) | 0.165 |
Myocardial damage | 40 (58.8) | 30 (46.9) | 0.122 |
Disseminated intravascular coagulation | 38 (55.9) | 24 (37.5) | 0.034 |
Acute respiratory distress syndrome | 39 (57.4) | 27 (42.2) | 0.082 |
Acute kidney injury | 45 (66.2) | 38 (59.4) | 0.419 |
Acute liver function impairment | 41 (60.3) | 40 (62.5) | 0.795 |
Central nervous system damage | 42 (61.8) | 30 (46.9) | 0.086 |
Clinical outcomes at data cutoff, n (%) | |||
Hospital discharge | 35 (51.5) | 29 (45.3) | 0.479 |
Death | 17 (25.0) | 9 (14.1) | 0.114 |
Still hospitalization | 13 (19.1) | 20 (31.3) | 0.108 |
Transferred to another hospital | 3 (4.4) | 6 (9.4) | 0.258 |
- Citation: Wang YC, Jin XY, Lei Z, Liu XJ, Liu Y, Zhang BG, Gong J, Wang LT, Shi LY, Wan DY, Fu X, Wang LP, Ma AJ, Cheng YS, Yang J, He M, Jin XD, Kang Y, Wang B, Zhang ZW, Wu Q. Gastrointestinal manifestations of critical ill heatstroke patients and their associations with outcomes: A multicentre, retrospective, observational study. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30(4): 346-366
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v30/i4/346.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v30.i4.346