Pan-immune-inflammation value as a prognostic biomarker for colon cancer and its variation by primary tumor location

Table 1 Baseline characteristics in left-sided colon cancer

Variables	Patients			P value
	All (n = 801)	PIV-high (n = 282)	PIV-low (n = 519)
Sex, n (%)				0.044
Female	495 (62)	188 (67)	307 (59)
Male	306 (38)	94 (33)	212 (41)
Age, median (IQR), years	63 (54, 70)	62.5 (54, 70.75)	63 (54, 69)	0.743
Tumor grade, n (%)				0.010
G1-2	743 (93)	252 (89)	491 (95)
G3	58 (7)	30 (11)	28 (5)
Vascular, n (%)				0.961
Invasion	184 (23)	64 (23)	120 (23)
No-invasion	617 (77)	218 (77)	399 (77)
Perineural, n (%)				0.727
Invasion	116 (14)	43 (15)	73 (14)
No-invasion	685 (86)	239 (85)	446 (86)
MMR, n (%)				< 0.001
dMMR	85 (11)	48 (17)	37 (7)
pMMR	716 (89)	234 (83)	482 (93)
T stage, n (%)				0.001
T1-2	143 (18)	33 (12)	110 (21)
T3-4	658 (82)	249 (88)	409 (79)
N stage, n (%)				0.192
N0	446 (56)	152 (54)	294 (57)
N1	261 (33)	89 (32)	172 (33)
N2	94 (12)	41 (15)	53 (10)
NLR, median (IQR)	2.13 (1.62, 2.92)	3.06 (2.39, 4.15)	1.8 (1.44, 2.23)	< 0.001
PLR, median (IQR)	141.67 (111.31, 183.98)	182.76 (143.89, 238.09)	127.47 (100, 155.05)	< 0.001
SII, median (IQR)	502.24 (357.54, 742.37)	856.81 (650, 1299.84)	402.6 (307.71, 508.28)	< 0.001
PIV, median (IQR)	175.87 (111.92, 286.84)	361.93 (271.07, 644.13)	133.11 (91.46, 172.42)	< 0.001
CEA, median (IQR), ng/mL	3.5 (2, 7.58)	4.4 (2.3, 10.52)	3.2 (1.88, 6.73)	< 0.001
CA19-9, median (IQR), U/mL	11.6 (7, 20.1)	11.95 (6.73, 21.8)	11.5 (7.2, 19.6)	0.772
Tumor size, median (IQR), cm	4 (3, 5)	5 (3.78, 6)	4 (3, 5)	< 0.001

PIV: Pan-immune-inflammation value; G1-2: Grades well and moderately differentiated; G3: Grade poorly differentiated; MMR: Mismatch repair; dMMR: Mismatch repair-deficient; pMMR: Mismatch repair-proficient; NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; PLR: Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; SII: Systemic immune-inflammation index; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; IQR: Interquartile range.