GATIS score for predicting the prognosis of rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms: A Chinese multicenter study of 12-year experience

Table 2 Characteristics of patients with rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms from training database and validation set (2010-2022), n (%)

	All	Training set	Validation set	P value
	n = 1183	n = 819	n = 364
Sex				0.402
Female	504 (42.6)	356 (43.5)	148 (40.7)
Male	679 (57.4)	463 (56.5)	216 (59.3)
Age, year	51.7 (12.0)	51.5 (12.0)	52.3 (12.0)	0.291
Size, year	1.1 (1.0)	1.1 (1.0)	1.2 (1.2)	0.187
Size (cm)				0.300
≤ 1	819 (69.2)	568 (69.4)	251 (69.0)
1-2	246 (20.8)	176 (21.5)	70 (19.2)
> 2	118 (10.0)	75 (9.2)	43 (11.8)
PLR	126.1 (52.3)	126.6 (54.3)	124.9 (47.6)	0.588
NLR	2.3 (5.1)	2.2 (2.5)	2.5 (8.4)	0.559
PNI	54.1 (6.8)	54.2 (6.9)	53.9 (6.5)	0.455
Pathological type				0.824
NET	1134 (95.9)	786 (96.0)	348 (95.6)
NEC	44 (3.7)	29 (3.5)	15 (4.1)
MANEC	5 (0.4)	4 (0.5)	1 (0.3)
Pathological grade				0.876
G1	1020 (86.2)	705 (86.1)	315 (86.5)
G2	114 (9.6)	81 (9.9)	33 (9.1)
G3	49 (4.1)	33 (4.0)	16 (4.4)
T stage				0.358
T1	1010 (85.4)	707 (86.3)	303 (83.2)
T2	111 (9.4)	74 (9.0)	37 (10.2)
T3	45 (3.8)	29 (3.5)	16 (4.4)
T4	17 (1.4)	9 (1.1)	8 (2.2)
Lymphatic metastasis				0.290
No	1107 (93.6)	771 (94.1)	336 (92.3)
Yes	76 (6.4)	48 (5.9)	28 (7.7)
TNM stage				0.227
I	996 (84.2)	699 (85.3)	297 (81.6)
II	108 (9.1)	71 (8.7)	37 (10.2)
III	79 (6.7)	49 (6.0)	30 (8.2)
Lymph vascular invasion				0.252
No	1149 (97.1)	799 (97.6)	350 (96.2)
Yes	34 (2.9)	20 (2.4)	14 (3.8)
CgA				0.100
Negative	871 (73.6)	615 (75.1)	256 (70.3)
Positive	312 (26.4)	204 (24.9)	108 (29.7)
Syn				0.393
Negative	297 (25.1)	212 (25.9)	85 (23.4)
Positive	886 (74.9)	607 (74.1)	279 (76.6)
Adjuvant therapy				0.286
No	1125 (95.1)	783 (95.6)	342 (94.0)
Yes	58 (4.9)	36 (4.4)	22 (6.0)

PLR: Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; PNI: Prognostic nutritional index; NET: Neuroendocrine tumor; NEC: Neuroendocrine carcinoma; MANEC: Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma; CgA: Chromogranin A; Syn: Synaptophysin.