Automatic detection of small bowel lesions with different bleeding risks based on deep learning models

Table 7 Comparison of available models

Ref.	Year of publication	Application	Algorithm	Sensitivity, %	Specificity, %	Accuracy, %
Aoki et al[29]	2019	Erosion/ulcer	CNN system based on SSD	88.2	90.9	90.8
Ding et al[22]	2019	Ulcer	ResNet-152	99.7	99.9	99.8
		Bleeding		99.5	99.9	99.9
		Vascular lesion		98.9	99.9	99.2
Aoki et al[30]	2020	Protruding lesion	ResNet-50	100	99.9	99.9
		Bleeding		96.6	99.9	99.9
Current study	2023	Ulcer( P1U + P2U )	Improved ResNet-50 + YOLO-V5	99.7	99.9	99.9
		Vascular lesion		97.4	99.9	99.9
		Protruding lesion (P1P + P2P)		98.1	99.9	99.9
		Bleeding		100	100	100

CNN: Convolution neural network; P1U: Ulcer smaller than 2 cm; P1P: Protruding lesion smaller than 1 cm; P2P: Protruding lesion larger than 1 cm; P2U: Ulcer larger than 2 cm; SSD: Single shot multibox detector.