Construction of a nomogram model to predict technical difficulty in performing laparoscopic sphincter-preserving radical resection for rectal cancer

Figure 6 Based on the results of this study, the nomogram clinical prediction model was constructed to predict the difficulty of laparoscopic sphincter-preserving radical resection for rectal cancer based on the patient’s surgical approach, intraoperative preventive ostomy, sacrococcygeal distance, and anterior-posterior diameter of pelvic inlet/sacrococcygeal distance. L-AR: Laparoscopic anterior resection; L-LAR: Laparoscopic low or ultralow anterior resection; L-ISR: Laparoscopic intersphincteric resection.