Assessing recent recurrence after hepatectomy for hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma by a predictive model based on sarcopenia

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients in the training and validation cohorts of hepatocellular carcinoma patients

Characteristic	Total (n = 283)	Training cohort (n = 189)	Validation cohort (n = 94)	P value
Age (yr)	52.71 ± 11.15	52.86 ± 11.65	52.43 ± 10.12	0.760
Gender, n (%)				0.467
Male	241 (85.2)	163 (86.2)	78 (83.0)
Female	42 (14.8)	26 (13.8)	16 (17.0)
Sarcopenia, n (%)	91 (32.2)	54 (28.6)	37 (39.4)	0.067
Liver cirrhosis, n (%)	169 (59.7)	105 (55.6)	64 (68.1)	0.053
MVI, n (%)	126 (44.5)	89 (47.1)	37 (39.6)	0.218
Tumor differentiation, n (%)				0.530
Poor	56 (19.8)	33 (17.5)	23 (24.5)
Moderate	128 (45.2)	81 (42.9)	47 (50.0)
Well	99 (35.0)	75 (39.6)	24 (25.5)
Liver capsular invasion	160 (56.5)	112 (59.3)	45 (51.1)	0.190
Maximum diameter of tumor, n (%)				0.062
≤ 3 cm	72 (25.4)	40 (21.2)	32 (34.0)
3-5 cm	62 (21.9)	43 (22.8)	19 (20.2)
> 5 cm	149 (52.7)	106 (56.1)	43 (45.7)
HBV-DNA, n (%)				0.130
< 2000 IU/mL	173 (61.1)	127(67.2)	46 (48.9)
≥ 2000 IU/mL	110 (38.9)	62 (32.8)	48 (51.1)
AFP ≥ 40 ng/mL	158 (55.8)	106 (56.1)	52 (55.3)	0.903
ALT, U/L	36 (26-58)	36 (26-51.75)	38.5 (26.75-63.5)	0.191
Total bilirubin (mmol/L)	14.80 (11.15-22.02)	14.80 (11.15-22.02)	19.8 (11.95-30.4)	0.051
Albumin, g/L	40.2 (35.80-43.70)	40.52 (35.43-43.98)	40.2 (36.32-43.02)	0.796
INR	1.02 (0.95-1.09)	1.01 (0.94-1.08)	1.04 (0.96-1.12)	0.146
Leukocyte, 109/L	5.49 (4.24-7.14)	5.38 (4.37-6.49)	6.13 (4.04-8.05)	0.054
PLT, 109/L	154 (105-207)	162 (109-220)	137 (94-185)	0.012
Recurrence	144 (50.9)	104 (55)	40 (42.6)	0.221

MVI: Microvascular invasion; HBV-DNA: Hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; INR: International normalized ratio; PLT: Platelet count.