Liquid biopsy for gastric cancer: Techniques, applications, and future directions

doi:10.3748/wjg.v30.i12.1680

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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World J Gastroenterol. Mar 28, 2024; 30(12): 1680-1705
Published online Mar 28, 2024. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i12.1680

Table 3 Liquid biopsy, gastric cancer prognosis and therapy. Summary of the main published studies[146-148]

Role	Structure	Approach	Association	Findings/challenges
Prognosis	CTCs	Count	↓OS/D-RFS	Diverse cutoffs
	CTCs	EpCAM, CEA, CD44, CD133, TWIST, ploidy, FR, PD-1	↓OS/D-RFS	Diverse methodology
	cfDNA/ctDNA	Quantification	↓OS/D-RFS	Diverse methodology
		Amplification: BRAF, FGFR2, MET; mutation: TP53, ARAF	↓OS	Diverse methodology
		Methylation	↓OS/DFS	Diverse markers
	EVs RNA	MiRNA	↓OS/D-RFS	↑ or ↓ expression; Diverse markers
		CircRNA	↓OS/RFS	↑ or ↓ expression; diverse markers
		LncRNA	↓OS/DFS	↑Expression; diverse markers
Predictive	CTCs	Count	Response to ST
	CTCs	HER2, PD-L1 status	Trastuzumab resistance/IT
	cfDNA/ctDNA	Quantification	Response to ST-CT/anti PD-1
	cfDNA/ctDNA	Panels Amplification: HER2; mutation: PIK3CA, NF1, HER2, EGFR, TP53, BRCA MSI	Targeted therapy; response to ST; trastuzumab resistance; treatment monitoring; IT

CTCs: Circulating tumor cells; FR: Folate receptor; OS: Overall survival; D-RFS: Disease free survival/relapse free survival; EV: Extracellular vesicle; ST: Systemic therapy; IT: Immunotherapy; CT: Chemotherapy; MSI: Microsatellite instability.

Citation: Díaz del Arco C, Fernández Aceñero MJ, Ortega Medina L. Liquid biopsy for gastric cancer: Techniques, applications, and future directions. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30(12): 1680-1705
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v30/i12/1680.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v30.i12.1680