Molecular mechanisms targeting drug-resistance and metastasis in colorectal cancer: Updates and beyond

doi:10.3748/wjg.v29.i9.1395

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastroenterol. Mar 7, 2023; 29(9): 1395-1426
Published online Mar 7, 2023. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i9.1395

Table 5 Agents targeting other pathways under clinical investigation for the treatment of drug-resistant and metastatic colorectal cancer

Agent	Targeted molecule	Condition	Study phase	Clinical trial identifier
CB-103	Notch	Resistant to oxaliplatin or irinotecan-based therapy advanced or mCRC	Phase I/II	NCT03422679
RO4929097	Notch	mCRC	Phase II	NCT01116687
WNT974	Wnt	BRAF-mutant mCRC	Phase I/II	NCT02278133
FOXY-5	Wnt	mCRC	Phase I	NCT02020291
LGK974	Wnt	BRAF mutant CRC	Phase I	NCT01351103
Vismodegib (GDC-0449)	Hedgehog	First-line therapy mCRC	Phase II	NCT00636610
Vismodegib (GDC-0449)	Hedgehog	mCRC	Phase II	NCT00959647
LDE225	Hedgehog	mCRC	Phase I	NCT01576666
NIS793	TGF	Advanced CRC	Phase I	NCT02947165
LY3200882	TGF	Advanced chemotherapy -resistant CRC with an activated TGF-beta Signature	Phase I/II	NCT04031872
Ganitumab	IGF-1R	KRAS wild-type mCRC	Phase I/II	NCT00788957
Ganitumab	IGF-1R	KRAS-mutant mCRC	Phase II	NCT00813605
Dalotuzumab (MK-0646)	IGF-1R	mCRC	Phase II	NCT00614393
Cixutumumab (IMC-A12)	IGF-1R	mCRC resistant to EGFR therapy	Phase II	NCT00503685

Wnt: Wingless-related integration site; mCRC: Metastatic colorectal cancer; TGF: Transforming growth factor; IGF-1R: Insulin growth factor receptor-1; EGFR: Epidermal growth factor receptor.

Citation: Al Bitar S, El-Sabban M, Doughan S, Abou-Kheir W. Molecular mechanisms targeting drug-resistance and metastasis in colorectal cancer: Updates and beyond. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29(9): 1395-1426
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v29/i9/1395.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v29.i9.1395