Burden of bone disease in chronic pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 2 Characteristics of study outcomes, n (%)

Ref.	Population	Outcome definition	Osteoporosis	Osteopenia	Pathologic fracture
Morán et al[17], 1997	CP: 14	T score < -2.5	CP: 3 (21.4)	CP: 10 (71.4)	CP: -
	Controls: -	T score -1 to -2.5	Controls: -	Controls: -	Controls: -
		Unavailable
Haaber et al[18], 2000	CP: 58	Z score < -2	CP: 13 (22.4)	CP: 36 (62)	CP: -
	Controls: -	Z score < -1.0	Controls: -	Controls: -	Controls: -
		Unavailable
Dujsikova et al[19], 2008	CP: 73	T score < -2.5	CP: 4 (5.5)	CP: 19 (26)	CP: 1 (1.3)
	Controls: -	T score -1 to -2.5	Controls: -	Controls: -	Controls: -
		Undefined
Tignor et al[20], 2010	CP: 3192	Not studied	CP: -	CP: -	CP: 154 (4.8)
	Controls: 1436699	Not studied	Controls: -	Controls: -	Controls: -
		Vertebral, hip, and wrist fractures using ICD-9 codes
Sudeep et al[22], 2011	CP: 31	T score < -2.5	CP: 9 (29)	CP: -	CP: -
	Controls: 35	T score -1 to -2.5	Controls: 3 (8.5)	Controls: -	Controls: -
		Unavailable
Joshi et al[21], 2011	CP: 72	Z score < -2	CP: 22 (30.5)	CP: -	CP: 0
	Controls: 100	Unavailable	Controls: -	Controls: -	Controls: -
		Undefined
Duggan et al[23], 2012	CP: 62	T score < -2.5	CP: 18 (33)	CP: 21 (39.6)	CP: -
	Controls: 66	T score -1 to -2.5	Controls: 6 (10.1)	Controls: 20 (33.8)	Controls: -
		Unavailable
Sikkens et al[25], 2013	CP: 40	T score < -2.5	CP: 4 (10)	CP: 18 (45)	CP: -
	Controls: -	T score -1 to -2.5	Controls: -	Controls: -	Controls: -
		Unavailable
Prabhakaran et al[28], 2014	CP: 103	T score < -2.5	CP: 25 (30.1)	CP: 38 (45.7)	CP: -
	Controls: -	T score -1 to -2.5	Controls: -	Controls: -	Controls: -
		Unavailable
Bang et al[26], 2014	CP: 11972	M80.0-M81.9 based on ICD-10 code	CP: 898 (7.5)	CP: -	CP: 1055 (8.8)
	Controls: 119720	Unavailable	Controls: 4070 (3.3)	Controls: -	Controls: 8485 (7)
		Spine, humerus, distal forearm, and proximal femur based on ICD-10 codes
Duggan et al[27], 2015	CP: 29	T score < -2.5	CP: 9 (31)	CP: 13 (44.8)	CP: -
	Controls: 29	T score -1 to -2.5	Controls: 2 (6.8)	Controls: 15 (51.7)	Controls: -
		Unavailable
Munigala et al[24], 2016	CP: 3257	Unspecified ICD-9 codes	CP: -	CP: -	CP: 153 (4.6)
	Controls: 450655	Unavailable	Controls: -	Controls: -	Controls: 9325 (2)
		ICD-9 codes: vertebral (805.2, 805.3, 805.4,805.5, 805.6, 805.7), hip (820.0, 820.1, 820.2, 820.3, 820.8, 820.9), or wrist fractures (814.0, 814.1, 813.4, 813.5)
Kumar et al[29], 2017	CP: 102	Z score < -2	CP: 6 (5.8)	CP: 21 (20.5)	CP: -
	Controls: -	Unavailable	Controls: -	Controls: -	Controls: -
		Unavailable
Stigliano et al[32], 2018	CP: 211	T score < -2.5	CP: 46 (21.8)	CP: 89 (42.1)	CP: 13 (6.1)
	Controls: -	T score: -1 to -2.5	Controls: -	Controls: -	Controls: -
		Occurring at the spine, hip and distal radius, and not associated with traumatic events
Kuhlmann et al[30], 2018	CP: 67	T score < -2.5	CP: 18 (26.8)	CP: 34 (50.7)	CP: -
	Controls: -	T score: -1 to -2.5	Controls: -	Controls: -	Controls: -
		Unavailable
Min et al[31], 2018	CP: 91	T score < -2.5	CP: 10 (22.2)	CP: 21 (46.6)	CP: -
	Controls: -	T score: -1 to -2.5	Controls: -	Controls: -	Controls: -
		Unavailable
Gupta et al[33], 2019	CP: 38	T score < -2.5	CP: 21 (55.2)	CP: -	CP: -
	Controls: -	T score: -1 to -2.5	Controls: -	Controls: -	Controls: -
		A fall from standing height or less that resulted in a fracture
Kanakis et al[7], 2020	CP: 239	T score < -2.5 or history of fragility fracture	CP: 15 (30.6)	CP: 27 (55.1)	CP: 22 (9)
	Controls: -	T score: -1 to -2.5	Controls: -	Controls: -	Controls: -
		Hip or vertebral fracture not due to excess trauma
Hart et al[34], 2021	CP: 282	T score < -2.5	CP: 48 (17)	CP: 110 (39)	CP: 6 (2.1)
	Controls: -	T score: -1 to -2.5	Controls: -	Controls: -	Controls: -
		Spontaneous fractures
Vujasinovic et al[8], 2021	CP: 118	T score < -2.5	CP: 30 (25.4)	CP: 33 (27.9)	CP: 33 (27.9)
	Controls: -	T score: -1 to -2.5	Controls: -	Controls: -	Controls: -
		Unavailable
Tang et al[35], 2021	CP: 104	T score < -2.5	CP: 6 (5.7)	CP: 32 (30.7)	CP: -
	Controls: -	T score: -1 to -2.5	Controls: -	Controls: -	Controls: -
		Occurring in the hip, spine, or wrist

CP: Chronic pancreatitis; ICD: International Classification of Diseases.