Better performance of PIVKA-II for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic liver disease with normal total bilirubin

Table 5 Sensitivity, specificity, positive/negative likelihood ratio of protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II in diagnosing early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma at the cutoff value of 40 mAU/mL in patients with viral etiology and hepatitis B virus alone, respectively

	Cutoff value (mAU/mL)	Viral etiology				HBV
		Se (%)	Sp (%)	+LR	-LR	Se (%)	Sp (%)	+LR	-LR
ALP
≤ 1ULN	40	52.88	91.39	6.14	0.52	53.00	90.80	5.76	0.52
1ULN	40	30.61	92.45	4.06	0.75	30.61	92.23	3.94	0.75
TBIL
≤ 1ULN	40	57.47	91.37	6.66	0.47	57.14	90.72	6.16	0.47
1ULN	40	30.30	92.02	3.80	0.76	30.77	91.76	3.73	0.75

HBV: Hepatitis B virus; Se: Sensitivity; Sp: Specificity; LR+: Positive likelihood ratio; LR-: Negative likelihood ratio; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; TBIL: Total bilirubin; ULN: Upper limit of normal.