Helicobacter pylori infection in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region: Prevalence and analysis of related factors

Table 5 Helicobacter pylori infection among main disease types diagnosed by biopsies from endoscopy in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (n = 5747)

Classification of disease	Pathological diagnosis	H. pylori positive rate
		IHC	IHC & 14C UBT combined
Benign lesions	Gastritis	35.8% (1652/4609)	53.8% (2478/4609)
	Duodenal ectopic gastric mucosa	19.4% (7/36)	22.2% (8/36)
	Gastric fundic gland polyps	17.3% (76/440)	27.5% (121/440)
	Hyperplastic (regenerative) polyps	7.4% (37/502)	17.5% (88/502)
	Ulcer	50.0% (2/4)	100% (4/4)
	Xanthoma	66.7% (2/3)	100% (3/3)
Pre-malignant lesions	Barrett’s esophagus	41.3% (38/92)	58.7% (54/92)
	Duodenal LGIN	100% (1/1)	100% (1/1)
	Gastric LGIN	55.6% (5/9)	55.6% (5/9)
	Esophageal HGIN	50.0% (1/2)	100% (2/2)
	Gastric HGIN	28.6% (2/7)	57.1% (4/7)
	Esophageal HGIN	0% (0/2)	0% (0/2)
Malignant tumors	Gastric adenocarcinoma	41.2% (14/34)	67.6% (23/34)
	Lymphoma	75.0% (3/4)	75% (3/4)
	Neuroendocrine tumor	0% (0/1)	0% (0/1)
	GIST	0% (0/1)	0% (0/1)

¹⁴C UBT: ¹⁴C urea breath test; HGIN: High-grade intraepithelial neoplasia; H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori; IHC: Immunohistochemistry; LGIN: Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia; GIST: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor.