Predicting disease progression in cirrhotic patients after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt implantation: A sex-stratified analysis

Table 2 Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses for prognostic factors in patients with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt implantation

Death or liver transplantation	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
All (n = 186)
Age (yr)	1.073 (1.039-1.108)	< 0.001
BMI	0.914 (0.814-1.026)	0.128
CTP score	1.212 (1.012-1.451)	0.037
Etiology (%)
HBV/HCV	Reference		Reference
Alcohol	1.421 (0.638-3.165)	0.39	1.205 (0.503-2.888)	0.675
Others	2.862 (1.337-6.125)	0.007	3.807 (1.680-8.623)	0.001
Creatinine (mol/L)	1.008 (1.005-1.012)	< 0.001	1.006 (1.002-1.011)	0.005
Plasma ammonia (mol/L)	1.027 (1.013-1.041)	< 0.001	1.025 (1.009-1.041)	0.003
Alpha-fetoprotein (mmol/L)	1.030 (1.017-1.044)	< 0.001	1.021 (1.005-1.036)	0.009
NLR	1.088 (1.036-1.142)	0.001
SMI < 32.8	2.250 (1.179-4.291)	0.014	2.192 (1.008-4.769)	0.048
Postoperative ACLF	2.927 (1.218-7.037)	0.016
Postoperative HE	10.115 (4.851-21.091)	< 0.001	8.721 (4.065-18.710)	< 0.001
Male (n = 142)
Age (yr)	1.062 (1.024-1.100)	0.001
BMI	0.897 (0.781-1.030)	0.897
CTP score	1.294 (1.069-1.566)	0.008
MELD score	1.122 (1.034-1.217)	0.006
Etiology (%)
HBV/HCV	Reference
Alcohol	1.453 (0.627-3.367)	0.384
Others	3.396 (1.193-9.670)	0.022
Creatinine (mol/L)	1.009 (1.005-1.013)	< 0.001	1.008 (1.004-1.013)	0.001
Plasma ammonia (mol/L)	1.028 (1.012-1.044)	< 0.001	1.028 (1.011-1.046)	0.001
Alpha-fetoprotein (mmol/L)	1.032 (1.015-1.049)	< 0.001
NLR	1.080 (1.018-1.146)	0.011
SMI < 32.8	3.275 (1.516-7.073)	0.003	3.277 (1.306-8.226)	0.011
Postoperative ACLF	10.066 (3.249-31.187)	< 0.001	5.621 (1.685-18.752)	0.005
Postoperative HE	6.697 (3.015-14.876)	< 0.001	5.110 (2.153-12.126)	< 0.001

Variable selection for the multivariable Cox regression model was performed using stepwise forward selection. CI: Confidence interval; HR: Hazard ratio; BMI: Body mass index; CTP: Child-Turcotte-Pugh; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; SMI: Skeletal muscle index; ACLF: Acute-on-chronic liver failure; HE: Hepatic encephalopathy.