Diagnostic and economic value of carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 19-9, and carbohydrate antigen 72-4 in gastrointestinal cancers

Table 5 The biomarker levels, comparisons between subjects with and without diseases and area under the curves of carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 19-9, and carbohydrate antigen 72-4

Disease	No.	CEA			CA19-9			CA72-4
		Median (quartile) (μg/L)	P value	AUC	Median (quartile) (kU/L)	P value	AUC	Median (quartile) (kU/L)	P value	AUC
Whole	32857	1.67 (1.13, 2.41)	-	-	8.50 (5.60, 13.50)	-	-	1.60 (1.05, 3.20)	-	-
Esophagitis	3137	1.88 (1.29, 2.72)	< 0.001	0.566	8.60 (5.70, 13.50)	0.439	0.504	1.60 (1.10, 3.40)	0.001	0.518
Esophageal erosion	109	1.84 (1.40, 2.90)	0.007	0.575	8.30 (5.00, 15.00)	0.938	0.498	1.50 (1.10, 3.20)	0.644	0.487
Esophageal ulcer	30	1.73 (0.90, 2.29)	0.818	0.488	7.90 (5.73, 10.38)	0.166	0.573	1.59 (1.10, 3.95)	0.572	0.470
Barrett’s esophagus	66	1.91 (1.21, 3.01)	0.095	0.559	8.95 (6.25, 12.70)	0.565	0.520	1.95 (1.10, 3.98)	0.306	0.536
Bile reflux	1344	1.65 (1.07, 2.43)	0.435	0.506	8.90 (5.60, 14.73)	0.121	0.512	1.60 (1.10, 3.30)	0.130	0.512
Gastric erosion	13094	1.78 (1.22, 2.57)	< 0.001	0.555	8.60 (5.70, 13.70)	0.006	0.509	1.60 (1.00, 3.20)	0.748	0.499
Gastric ulcer	1091	1.98 (1.41, 2.98)	< 0.001	0.598	8.40 (5.50, 14.40)	0.646	0.496	1.60 (1.00, 3.20)	0.789	0.498
Gastric hemorrhage	1125	1.68 (1.12, 2.46)	0.492	0.506	8.70 (5.80, 14.50)	0.092	0.515	1.60 (1.10, 3.40)	0.331	0.509
Chronic atrophic gastritis	1839	1.90 (1.32, 2.89)	< 0.001	0.578	9.20 (6.00, 14.90)	< 0.001	0.535	1.70 (1.10, 3.40)	< 0.001	0.528
Gastric xanthoma	100	1.65 (1.13, 2.41)	0.935	0.498	10.35 (6.45, 15.18)	0.072	0.552	1.80 (1.20, 3.43)	0.111	0.546
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor	48	1.56 (1.09, 2.69)	0.903	0.505	7.80 (5.78, 13.41)	0.614	0.521	1.50 (1.10, 2.23)	0.683	0.517
Gastric hyperplastic polyps	117	1.71 (1.14, 2.89)	0.282	0.529	11.20 (7.00, 22.72)	< 0.001	0.612	1.70 (1.10, 2.40)	0.964	0.501
Gastric glandular hyperplasia	761	1.57 (1.09, 2.29)	0.050	0.521	9.50 (6.00, 15.00)	< 0.001	0.543	1.70 (1.10, 3.80)	0.010	0.527
Colorectitis	2592	1.83 (1.25, 2.70)	< 0.001	0.552	8.70 (5.70, 14.30)	0.014	0.515	1.60 (1.10, 3.40)	0.034	0.513
Colorectal erosion	167	1.72 (1.17, 2.73)	0.198	0.529	8.80 (5.95, 13.90)	0.495	0.515	1.60 (1.00, 3.10)	0.788	0.494
Colorectal ulcer	107	1.54 (1.03, 2.61)	0.658	0.512	9.10 (6.30, 16.90)	0.069	0.551	1.70 (1.09, 2.80)	0.859	0.495
Colorectal hemorrhage	36	1.57 (1.12, 3.14)	0.799	0.488	9.05 (5.73, 13.75)	0.550	0.529	1.25 (0.90, 1.95)	0.061	0.590
Colorectal cyst	41	1.53 (0.93, 2.70)	0.455	0.534	9.20 (6.50, 13.70)	0.321	0.545	1.40 (1.10, 2.40)	0.353	0.542
Colorectal adenoma	3707	1.91 (1.29, 2.84)	< 0.001	0.578	9.04 (6.00, 14.70)	< 0.001	0.532	1.60 (1.10, 3.30)	0.010	0.513
Colorectal hyperplastic polyps	1037	1.88 (1.31, 2.75)	< 0.001	0.565	8.70 (5.90, 13.70)	0.065	0.517	1.60 (1.00, 3.20)	0.379	0.492
Colorectal gland hyperplasia	567	1.87 (1.35, 2.62)	< 0.001	0.560	8.30 (5.45, 13.45)	0.308	0.512	1.50 (1.10, 3.30)	0.687	0.505
Esophageal cancer	57	2.34 (1.30, 3.78)	< 0.001	0.645	9.40 (6.40, 20.00)	0.114	0.560	2.00 (1.20, 4.20)	0.073	0.568
Gastric cancer	392	2.15 (1.35, 4.13)	< 0.001	0.625	10.30 (5.70, 20.23)	< 0.001	0.577	2.00 (1.10, 5.70)	< 0.001	0.570
Colorectal cancer	892	3.25 (1.78, 11.55)	< 0.001	0.736	13.30 (7.10, 33.45)	< 0.001	0.649	2.30 (1.20, 5.90)	< 0.001	0.598
Liver cancer	127	4.27 (2.15, 7.46)	< 0.001	0.786	17.30 (7.40, 39.15)	< 0.001	0.674	1.60 (1.15, 3.75)	0.070	0.547
Pancreatic cancer	47	3.20 (1.98, 9.63)	< 0.001	0.771	99.60 (16.95, 307.15)	< 0.001	0.830	3.10 (1.35, 9.60)	< 0.001	0.680
Lung cancer	129	4.25 (2.15, 16.67)	< 0.001	0.787	12.10 (8.20, 25.50)	< 0.001	0.668	3.40 (1.40, 9.00)	< 0.001	0.660
Breast cancer	55	2.39 (1.44, 6.06)	< 0.001	0.654	15.60 (8.30, 27.20)	< 0.001	0.693	2.10 (1.20, 4.70)	0.022	0.589
Ovarian cancer	57	1.78 (1.08, 5.63)	0.228	0.546	21.85 (8.50, 130.50)	< 0.001	0.718	6.40 (1.50, 17.70)	< 0.001	0.698
Thyroid cancer	74	1.71 (1.06, 2.48)	0.936	0.497	9.90 (6.80, 15.28)	0.067	0.562	1.70 (1.03, 3.08)	0.874	0.495
Kidney cancer	37	2.37 (1.16, 3.70)	0.015	0.615	10.60 (7.70, 17.46)	0.039	0.598	2.20 (1.40, 5.20)	0.050	0.593
Malignant tumors (except thyroid cancer)	1955	2.65 (1.49, 6.70)	< 0.001	0.692	12.00 (6.80, 28.30)	< 0.001	0.636	2.20 (1.20, 5.90)	< 0.001	0.589

The bold font of the P value indicates that the P value was less than 0.05 in the Wilcoxon test. The bold font of the area under the curve (AUC) indicates that the AUC value was greater than 0.7. CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CA72-4: Carbohydrate antigen 72-4; AUC: Area under the curve.