Diagnostic role of transient elastography in patients with autoimmune liver diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 1 Characteristics of studies included in this study

No.	Ref.	Country	Disease	Study time	Study design	Diagnostic model1	Sample size	Mean age in yr	Sex, F/M	Mean BMI in kg/m2	Mean, ALT in IU/mL	Treatment condition	Scoring system	Interval
1	Youssef et al[40], 2013	Egypt	AIH	NA	Retrospective	5	16	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	Metavir	NA
2	Kim et al[41], 2014	Korea	AIH	2008-2014	Retrospective	5	47	NA	41/6	NA	NA	NA	Metavir	NA
3	Abdollahi et al[42], 2015	Iran	AIH	2011-2013	NA	1, 2, 3	80	34.75	51/29	NA	106.49	NA	Ishak	NA
4	Harrison et al[43], 2016	United Kingdom	AIH	2013-2015	Prospective	5	27	56	25/2	NA	21	Post	Ishak	The same day
5	Hartl et al[44], 2016	Germany	AIH	2007-2010	Prospective	5	34	53	28/6	NA	48.5	Post	Scheuer	Within 3 mo
	Hartl et al[44], 2016	Germany	AIH	2008-2015	Retrospective	5	60	52	50/10	NA	35	Post	Scheuer	Within 4 mo
6	Nishikawa et al45], 2016	Japan	AIH	2005-2015	Prospective	1, 2, 3, 11	84	64	69/15	NA	57.5	Pre	Scheuer	NA
7	E Anastasiou et al[46], 2016	Germany	AIH	2008-2013	Retrospective	1, 2, 3, 5	53	47.3	31/22	NA	606.42	Pre 35 + post 18	Metavir	Within 3 wk
8	Piwczyńska et al[47], 2016	Poland	AIH	NA	Prospective	4	46	14.5	33/13	NA	NA	NA	Batts-Ludwig	NA
9	Sheptulina et al[48], 2016	Russian	AIH	2008-2014	Prospective	1, 2, 3, 9	76	40	65/11	25	54.4	Pre 22 + post 54	Metavir	Within 7 d
10	Guo et al[29], 2017	China	AIH	2012-2017	Retrospective	1, 3, 5	108	46.54	88/20	23.52	146.51	NA	Metavir	Within 3 d
11	Paranagua-Vezozzo et al[49], 2016	Brazil	AIH	2012-2015	Prospective	4, 5	33	NA	28/5	28.6	NA	Post	Metavir	The same day
12	Puustinen et al[50], 2017	Finland	AIH	NA	Prospective	8	12	42.8	10/2	NA	28.5	NA	Metavir	Within 1 mo
13	Wang et al[22], 2017	China	AIH	2007-2015	Retrospective	1, 2, 3, 7	36	51.6	NA	27.7	217.4	Pre 17 + post 19	Metavir	Within 3 mo
14	Xu et al[51], 2017	China	AIH	2014-2016	Prospective	1, 3, 5	100	45	81/19	NA	131.5	Pre	Metavir	The same day
15	Zeng et al[52], 2017	China	AIH	2011-2016	Prospective	6	62	45.6	NA	21.6	78.5	Pre	Metavir	3 d
16	Liu et al[53], 2019	China	AIH	2008-2018	Retrospective	2, 3	45	54.29	37/8	NA	NA	NA	Metavir	The same day
17	Park et al[19], 2019	South Korea	AIH	2014-2017	NA	4	49	56	42/7	23.7	163	NA	Metavir	The same day
			PBC				41	55.3	35/6	25.5	45	NA
18	Li et al[54], 2020	China	AIH	2010-2019	Retrospective	1, 2, 3, 10	72	54	64/8	NA	137.55	Post	Metavir	NA
19	Wang et al[55], 2020	China	AIH	2016-2019	Retrospective	1, 3, 10	119	52.5	99/20	NA	81.6	Pre	Scheuer	Within 7 d
20	Xing et al[30], 2020	China	AIH	2016-2019	Retrospective	1, 3, 6	103	54	81/22	22.5	163	NA	Scheuer	Within 7 d
21	Janik et al[31], 2021	Poland	AIH	2015-2020	Prospective	6	63	37	15/48	23.9	130	Post	Batts-Ludwig	Within 3 mo
22	Zachou et al[20], 2021	Greece	AIH	2009-2016	Retrospective	5	78	57	54/24	NA	68	Pre 47 + post 31	Metavir	The same day
			PBC				56	52	48/8	NA	47	Pre 37 + post 19
23	Ferronato et al[56], 2022	Italy	AIH	NA	Retrospective	1, 2, 3	122	59	90/32	NA	481.8	Pre	Ishak	Within 23 d
24	Soh et al[57], 2022	Korea	AIH	2014-2021	Retrospective	6	69	59.7	60/9	NA	187.1	Pre 44 + post 25	Metavir	The same day
25	Nyblom et al[58], 2006	Sweden	PBC	1976-2000	Retrospective	2	121	54	NA	NA	189.9	NA	Metavir	NA
26	Gómez-Dominguez et al[59], 2008	Spain	PBC	NA	Prospective	5	80	54	64/16	NA	NA	Post	Metavir	Within 9 mo
27	Alempijevic et al[60], 2009	Serbia	PBC	2006	NA	1, 2	112	53.88	104/8	NA	NA	Post	Scheuer	Within 1 wk
28	Ferrara et al[61], 2009	Italy	PBC	NA	NA	1, 3	248	52	233/15	NA	NA	NA	Scheuer	The same day
29	Su et al[62], 2009	China	PBC	1985-2006	Retrospective	2	46	53.3	34/12	NA	140.6	NA	Scheuer	Within 1 mo
30	Floreani et al[63], 2011	Italy	PBC	2009	NA	5	114	58	96/24	24	44	NA	Metavir	Within 6 mo
31	Corpechot et al[64], 2012	France	PBC	2004-2010	Prospective	5	103	56	87/16	23.9	76	Post	Metavir	Within 9 mo
32	Zhang et al[34], 2014	China	PBC	2011-2013	NA	4	56	45	46/10	NA	NA	NA	Batts-Ludwig	Within 3 d
33	Sheptulina et al[21], 2015	Russian	PBC	2008-2014	Retrospective	9	82	54.5	78/4	NA	NA	NA	Metavir	NA
			PSC			3	22	38	6/16	NA	NA	NA		NA
34	Umemura et al[65], 2015	Japan	PBC	1981-2014	Retrospective	11	137	57	111/26	NA	41	Post	Metavir	The same day
35	Nishikawa et al[66], 2016	Japan	PBC	2005-2014	Prospective	1, 3, 11	57	59	49/8	NA	35	Pre	Scheuer	NA
36	Olmez et al[67], 2016	Turkey	PBC	1995-2013	Retrospective	1, 3	40	49.6	40/0	NA	54.5	NA	Scheuer	Within 1 wk
37	Wang et al[68], 2016	China	PBC	2010-2015	Retrospective	1, 3, 10	73	52.4	62/11	NA	89.3	Pre	Ludwing and Scheuer	The day before
38	Koizumi et al[23], 2017	Japan	PBC	2012-2015	Prospective	1, 2, 3, 5	44	60.5	41/3	NA	65.9	Post	Metavir	Within 1 wk
39	Wang et al[69], 2017	China	PBC	2009-2016	Retrospective	1, 3	261	52	230/31	NA	NA	NA	Metavir	NA
40	Jiang et al[70], 2018	China	PBC	2009-2015	Retrospective	3, 10	77	62.4	64/13	NA	81.2	Pre	Scheuer	NA
41	Kamal et al[71], 2018	Netherlands	PBC	1979-2010	Retrospective	1, 2, 3	85	50	75/10	NA	NA	NA	Ishak	NA
42	Meng et al[72], 2018	China	PBC	2013-2017	Retrospective	1, 3, 10	94	51.02	NA	NA	116.58	Pre	Ludwing and Scheuer	Within 1 wk
43	Milovanović et al[73], 2018	Serbia	PBC	2009-2011	Prospective	1, 2, 5	122	57.4	NA	NA	50.8	Post	Metavir	Within 1 mo
44	Wang et al[74], 2018	China	PBC	2010-2016	Retrospective	1, 3, 10	58	53.3	51/7	NA	90.4	Pre	Ludwing and Scheuer	Within 1 wk
45	Jiang et al[75], 2020	China	PBC	2008-2018	Prospective	1, 2, 3, 10	78	52	71/7	NA	NA	Pre 39 + post 39	Scheuer	Within 2 wk
	Jiang et al[75], 2020	China b	PBC	2008-2018	Retrospective	1, 3, 10	40	51	35/5	NA	NA	Pre 20 + post 20	Scheuer	Within 2 wk
46	Joshita et al[76], 2020	Japan	PBC	2015-2019	NA	5, 11	74	64	62/12	NA	48	Pre	Scheuer	The same day
47	Rossi et al[77], 2020	Italy	PBC	NA	NA	5	92	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	Scheuer	Within 1 mo
48	Yan et al[32], 2020	China	PBC	2016-2019	Retrospective	1, 2, 3, 6	157	53	136/21	22.2	72	NA	Scheuer	NA
49	Cristoferi et al[78], 2021	Italy	PBC	2006-2019	Prospective	1, 5	126	52	114/12	22.3	52.8	Pre	Batts-Ludwig	Within 12 wk
50	Fujinaga et al[79], 2021	Japan	PBC	2000-2019	Retrospective	1, 3, 11	102	61	89/13	NA	68.4	Pre	Scheuer	NA
51	Manesis et al[80], 2021	Greece	PBC	2010-2018	Retrospective	6	53	62.6	46/7	25.7	30	Pre 30 + post 23	Scheuer	Within 3 mo
52	Osman et al[33], 2021	United States	PBC	2007-2019	Retrospective	5	63	60.95	NA	NA	31.2	NA	Batts-Ludwig	Within 1 yr
						7	98	60.21	NA	NA	36.4	NA
53	Avcioğlu et al[81], 2022	Turkey	PBC	2008-2020	Retrospective	1, 3	35	49.6	33/2	NA	50.6	Pre	Scheuer	Within 1 wk
54	Garrido et al[82], 2022	Portugal	PBC	2010-2021	NA	5	79	52	NA	NA	NA	Pre 40 + post 39	Batts-Ludwig	Within 2 mo
55	Corpechot et al[83], 2014	France	PSC	2005-20210	Prospective	5	59	40.7	24/35	NA	145.7	Post	Metavir	Within 6 mo
56	Bowlus et al[84], 2016,	France	PSC	NA	NA	5	56	43	22/34	NA	255	NA	Ishak	NA
57	Eaton et al[85], 2016	United States	PSC	2007-2013	Retrospective	1, 7	266	46.12	81/185	26	48	Pre	Batts-Ludwig	Within 1 yr
58	Ehlken et al[86], 2016	Germany	PSC	2006-2014	Retrospective	5	62	38	63/77	NA	38	NA	Scheuer	NA
59	Krawczyk et al[87], 2017	Poland	PSC	2014-2016	Prospective	5	30	33	12/18	NA	50	NA	Metavir	NA
60	Umetsu et al[88], 2018	Japan	PSC	2007-2016	Retrospective	1, 2, 3, 11	28	14	8/20	NA	56.5	NA	Batts-Ludwig	The same day

¹Diagnostic models are represented by the following numbers: 1 = Aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index; 2 = caspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio; 3 = Fibrosis-4 index; 4 = Acoustic radiation force impulse; 5 = Transient elastography; 6 = Shear wave elastography; 7 = Magnetic resonance elastography; 8 = Magnetic resonance spectroscopy; 9 = Platelet count to spleen diameter ratio; 10 = Red cell distribution width to platelet ratio ; 11 = Mac-2-binding protein. AIH: Autoimmune hepatitis; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; BMI: Body mass index; F: Female; M: Male; NA: Not available; PBC: Primary biliary cholangitis; PSC: Primary sclerosing cholangitis.