Developments and challenges in neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced pancreatic cancer

Table 2 Summary of trials evaluating neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced pancreatic cancer

Ref.	Type of study	Years of accrual	No. of patients	Primary endpoint	Arms	Key findings
NCT03652428[19]	Phase 1; Phase 2	2019-2023	24	12 mo after registration or until death	Proton therapy with concurrent GEM + Nab-paclitaxel	Ongoing
NCT02578732[22]	Phase 2	2016-2024	28	Until progression, up to 5 yr	FOLFOX	Ongoing
NCT04247165[23]	Phase 1; Phase 2	2020-2024	20	12 mo	Drug: GEM; Nab-paclitaxel; Nivolumab; Ipilimumab	Ongoing
NCT02873598[24]	Phase 1	2016-2021	15	Up to 5 yr	FOLFIRINOX or GEM/abraxane followed by SBRT	Not yet publicly available
NCT02704143[25]	Phase 2	2016-2020	63	3 yr	Combination of Cyberknife with S-1	Promising efficacy

FOLFOX: Folinic acid, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin; FOLFIRINOX: Folinic acid, fluorouracil, irinotecan hydrochloride, and oxaliplatin; GEM: Gemcitabine; S-1: Tegafur, gimeracil, and oteracil; SBRT: Stereotactic body radiation therapy.