Drug-induced entero-colitis due to interleukin-17 inhibitor use; capsule endoscopic findings and pathological characteristics: A case report

Table 1 Patient background and endoscopic and pathological findings of entero-colitis after interleukin-17 administration

Year	Ref.	Age	Sex	Primary disease	Drug	Time to onset	IBD	Endoscopic findings	Pathological findings	Treatment and course
2017	Shiga et al[5]	56	M	Psoriasis	SEC	8 wk	CD	Longitudinal ulcer of the ileum and round ulcer of the esophagus	Nonspecific inflammatory cell infiltration	Improved with prednisolone 40 mg/d
2018	Philipose et al[6]	31	M	Psoriasis	IXE	3 mo	UC	Loss of vascular permeability throughout the sigmoid colon, erythematous coarse mucosa, ulcer	Lymphoplasmacytic infiltration	Mesalamine and methylprednisolone did not improve, but IFX administration improved
2018	Wang et al[7]	41	F	Psoriasis	SEC	1 wk	UC	Coarse mucosa and deep-burrowing ulceration of the entire sigmoid colon	Cryptitis, erosions, lymhoplasmacytic infiltration	Improved with methylprednisolone 40 mg/d and cyclosporine 2 mg/kg
2018	Ehrlich et al[8]	42	M	Ankylosing spondylitis	SEC	6 wk	UC	Deep ulcers and fragile mucosa of the transverse and sigmoid colon	Cryptitis, crypt abscess, loss of crypts	No improvement with solumedrol, improved after introduction of IFX
2019	Smith et al[9]	42	M	Psoriasis	IXE	12 wk	CD	Deep rounded punctate ulcers of the transverse and descending colon	Pancolitis with rare granuloma	No improvement with solumedrol, improved after introduction of IFX
2019	Uchida et al[10]	41	F	Psoriasis	SEC	4 mo	UC	Easy bleeding edematous mucosa of rectum to sigmoid colon, erosions, ulcers	High degree of inflammatory cell infiltration into the stroma and crypt abscess	Improved with mesalazine 2400 mg/d
2019	Achufusi et al[11]	39	M	Psoriasis	SEC	6 mo	UC	Ulceration of the splenic flexure, moderate to severe active colitis, ulceration at 30 cm, and active colitis in the rectum	Atrophy of the crypts, decreased goblet cells, cryptitis, crypt abscess	No improvement with steroids, improved after introduction of IFX
2019	Johnston and Veettil[12]	27	M	Ankylosing spondylitis	SEC	4 mo	UC	Multiple ulcers and moderate inflammation, sigmoid colon	Crypt abscess	No improvement with mesalazine and hydrocortisone, improvement with introduction of IFX
2019	Haidari et al[13]	69	M	Psoriatic arthritis	SEC	18 mo	CD	Multiple ulcers of the terminal ileum	Neutrophil infiltration of the epithelium of the crypts, no granuloma	Originally asymptomatic
2020	Nazarian et al[14]	48	F	Psoriasis	IXE	12 wk	CD	Mild erythema and punctate ulcerations in the terminal ileum	Active inflammation with the presence of granuloma	Improved with budesonide administration
2020	Varga et al[15]	52	M	Psoriasis	SEC	2 wk	UC	Loss of vascular permeability of sigmoid colon, ulcer	Lymphocytic infiltration of lamina propria, cryptitis, crypt abscess	Improved with prednisone 60 mg/d and mesalazine 3200 mg
2020	Gallego et al[16]	42	M	Psoriasis	IXE	2 wk	CD	Aphthous erosions and patchy ulcers of the rectum to cecum and terminal ileum	Cryptitis, crypt abscess, non-caseating granuloma	Improved with systemic corticosteroid administration
2021	Ali et al[20]	70	F	Psoriasis	SEC	1 mo	UC	Ulcerated and edematous mucosa in sigmoid colon	Acutely and chronically inflamed granulation tissue with extensive plasma cell infiltrate	Intravenous methylprednisolone
2022	Kakizoe et al[17]	65	M	Psoriasis	SEC	15 mo	CD	Deep ulcers of the cecum and transverse colon	No description	Hematochezia persisted after drug discontinuation and improved after induction of ADA
2022	Morosanu et al[19]	42	F	Psoriasis	IXE	1 wk	UC	Continuous congestive, friable rectal and colonic mucosa, spontaneously bleeding, deep and large ulcerations	Neutrophilic inflammatory infiltrate disposed irregularly, edema and congestion, decrease of the crypts mucosecretion and crypt’s abscesses	Total colectomy with ileostoma and rectum preservation
2023	Khouri et al[18]	38	F	Psoriatic arthritis	SEC	1 mo	CD	Small ulcerations throughout the entire lumen of the terminal ileum and the cecum	Minimal architecture distortion in the large bowel mucosa, along with focal acute colitis	Initiated with prednisone and SEC was switched to IFX
2022	Our case	69	F	Psoriatic arthritis	IXE	21 mo	CD	Multiple round punctate ulcers throughout the colon. Capsule endoscopy shows multiple erosions in the jejunum	Inflammatory cell infiltrate, predominantly lymphocytes. Granulomatous fibroblasts and collagen fibers in the submucosa	Improvement only with drug discontinuation and fasting bowel rest

CD: Crohn’s disease; SEC: Secukinumab; M: Male; F: Female; IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; IXE: Ixekizumab; UC: Ulcerative colitis; ADA: Adalimumab.