Sarcopenia in cirrhosis: Prospects for therapy targeted to gut microbiota

Table 1 The effect of rifaximin on the composition of the gut microbiota in various diseases

Disease	Taxa that increase in the abundance after rifaximin	Taxa that decrease in the abundance after rifaximin
Alzheimer's disease[97]	Anaerostipes, Blautia, Erysipelotrichaceae, Erysipelatoclostridium, Faecalitalea, Lactobacillus, and Ruminiclostridum
Irritable bowel syndrome[79,98-100]	Acidimicrobiales, Acidobacteria, Alteromonas, Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Bacteroidaceae, Butyricimonas, Chloroflexi, Cytophagia, Coprobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Deinococcales, Devosia, Dyella, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Frankiales, Gordonibacter, Holdemania, Kocuria, Methylophilales, Micrococcales, Micromonosporales, Nitriliruptorales, Parabacteroides, Prevotellaceae, Propionibacteriales, Rhizobiales, Rhodobacterales, Sphingomonadales, and Streptomycetales	Alphaproteobacteria, Anaerotruncus, Blautia luti, Butyricimonas, Cronobacter, Escherichia, Eubacterium ventriosum, Rhodospirillales, Romboutsia, Roseburia inulinivorans, Streptococcaceae, and Tyzzerella
Symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease[101-102]	Akkermansia, Bacteroidaceae, Citrobacter, Coprococcus, Dialister Ruminococcaceae, and Veillonellaceae	Anaerotruncus, Anaerostipes, Blautia, Christensenellaceae, Dehalobacteriaceae, Eggerthella lenta, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Mogibacteriaceae, and Pasteurellaceae
Chronic Kidney Disease[103]	-	Anaerotruncus, Clostridium, and Turicibacter
Gut diseases[104]	Faecalibacterium	Ruminococcus and Roseburia
Ulcerative colitis[105]	Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium	Enterococcus and Lactobacillus
Crohn's disease[106]	Bifidobacterium, Atopobium, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii