Contributory roles of sarcopenia and myosteatosis in development of overt hepatic encephalopathy and mortality after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt

Table 2 Prognostic factors for overt hepatic encephalopathy in patients treated with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt

Characteristics	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	HR	95%CI	P value	HR	95%CI	P value
Age (years)	1.044	(1.016-1.071)	0.001a	1.043	(1.017-1.069)	0.330
Gender (male)	1.207	(0.629-2.316)	0.572
BMI (kg/m2)	1.012	(0.902-1.134)	0.844
Etiology (viral hepatitis/others)	1.277	(0.706-2.310)	0.418
Ascites (yes/no)	0.845	(0.465-1.536)	0.580
Child-Pugh score	1.292	(1.091-1.531)	0.003a	1.078	(0.832-1.397)	0.740
MELD score	1.137	(1.074-1.203)	< 0.001a	1.083	(1.020-1.449)	0.009a
NLR	1.041	(0.984-1.101)	0.161
TBIL (umol/L)	1.033	(1.014-1.053)	0.001a	1.029	(1.000-1.058)	0.768
ALT (U/L)	1.003	(0.989-1.018)	0.681
AST (U/L)	1.010	(0.998-1.023)	0.107
Albumin (g/L)	0.956	(0.903-1.013)	0.128
Creatinine (umol/L)	1.004	(0.993-1.015)	0.454
Reduction of PPG (%)	1.039	(1.007-1.071)	0.017a	1.050	(1.014-1.087)	0.082
PMA (HU)	0.901	(0.863-0.940)	< 0.001a	0.930	(0.889-0.974)	0.002a
TPMT (mm/m)	0.853	(0.774-0.940)	0.001a	0.895	(0.808-0.992)	0.035a

^aP < 0.05.

HE: Hepatic encephalopathy; BMI: Body mass index; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; NLR: Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio; TBIL: Total bilirubin; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate transaminase; PPG: Portosystemic pressure gradient; PMA: Psoas muscle attenuation; TPMT: Transversal psoas muscle thickness; HU: Hounsfield units.