Reduction of portosystemic gradient during transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt achieves good outcome and reduces complications

Table 1 Baseline characteristics

Characteristics	Group A	Group B	Pvalue	Group C	Group D	Pvalue
Gender, M/F	256/223	237/175	0.369	126/91	93/79	0.319
Age (mean ± SD) (yr)	54.616 ± 17.27	56.39 ± 12.19	0.319	56.24 ± 13.67	58.27 ± 13.25	0.246
Child–Pugh A/B/C	39/342/98	32/318/62	0.187	0/60/157	0/41/131	0.215
MELD score (mean ± SD)	8.42 ± 1.37	9.29 ± 2.16	0.576	13.26 ± 4.56	14.39 ± 5.38	0.472
Viral hepatitis	324	276	0.528	136	107	0.632
Chronic ethanol consumption	102	87	0.317	55	38	0.258
Cryptogenic hepatitis	53	49	0.492	26	27	0.146
Variceal hemorrhage	479	412	0.721	0	0	0
Refractory ascites	0	0	0	217	172	0.562
Laboratory tests
Alanine transaminase (U/L)	48.36 ± 4.21	53.19 ± 3.27	0.462	62.13 ± 6.48	57.49 ± 7.29	0.368
Aspartate Transaminase (U/L)	54.17 ± 9.25	58.27 ± 12.37	0.361	67.43 ± 15.7	64.28 ± 17.24	0.357
Alkaline phosphatase (U/L)	145.36 ± 23.45	167.18 ± 27.36	0.382	89.67 ± 13.24	92.36 ± 16.58	0.413
γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase (U/L)	278.54 ± 37.47	259.74 ± 46.37	0.463	364.27 ± 58.74	382.17 ± 47.26	0.482
Total bilirubin (mmol/L)	29.45 ± 3.17	32.46 ± 4.28	0.147	37.18 ± 7.69	35.24 ± 8.54	0.367
Albumin (g/L)	31.28 ± 1.47	32.07 ± 1.25	0.106	28.07 ± 1.29	29.36 ± 1.48	0.294
Prothrombin time (s)	14.02 ± 1.35	15.04 ± 1.19	0.236	18.12 ± 2.39	19.23 ± 2.41	0.241
Clinical presentations
Abdominal distention	89	93	0.261	217	172	0.562
Abdominal pain	48	52	0.273	134	97	0.183
Weakness	364	314	0.148	189	154	0.136
Poor appetite	373	362	0.302	196	153	0.324
Jaundice	28	24	0.532	21	16	0.214
Splenomegaly	264	249	0.357	205	168	0.436
Lower limbs edema	47	62	0.159	189	157	0.327
Ascites paracentesis	0	0	0	217	172	0.562
Endoscopic therapy	453	407	0.372	0	0	0

No difference (P > 0.05) could be seen in terms of age, sex, Child–Pugh score, MELD score, laboratory tests, and clinical presentations. MELD: Model of End-Stage Liver Disease; SD: Standard deviation; M: Male; F: Female.