Immunotherapy for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 2 Current Food and Drug Administration-approved immunotherapy agents in second-line use post-progression on sorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

Immunotherapy agent	Checkmate 040 (NCT01658878)	Keynote 224 (NCT02702414)
Drugs	Ipilimumab, nivolumab	Pembrolizumab
Drug class combination	CTLA-4 inhibitor, PD-1 inhibitor	PD-1 inhibitor
Study population	Child-Pugh A, ECOG score 0/1, prior systemic therapy with sorafenib or intolerance to sorafenib	Child-Pugh A, ECOG score 0/1, prior systemic therapy with sorafenib or intolerance to sorafenib
Overall survival	22.8mo (95%CI: 9.4-not reached)	12.9 mo (95%CI: 9.7-15.5)
Median progression free survival	3.9 mo (95%CI: 2.6-8.3)	4.9 mo (95%CI: 3.4-7.2)
Overall response rate	32%	18%
Most common treatment related AE	Rash, hepatitis, hypothyroidism	Hypothyroidism, hepatitis, adrenal insufficiency
Child-Pugh score B group studied	No data available	Retrospective data available
FDA approval	Yes	Yes

CI: Confidence interval; CTLA-4: Cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated protein-4; ECOG: Eastern cooperative oncology group; FDA: Food and drug administration; PD-1: Programmed cell death protein- 1.