Linked color imaging vs Lugol chromoendoscopy for esophageal squamous cell cancer and precancerous lesion screening: A noninferiority study

Table 1 Clinicopathological features of the patients

Item	n	% (n/n total)
Patients with suspected lesions1	115	21.2 (115/543)
Inflammation	72	13.2
LGIN	25	4.6
HGIN	3	0.5
ESCC	15	2.7
Suspected lesions, including non-neoplastic	141	-
Neoplastic lesions2	45	31.9 (45/141)
LGIN	25	17.7 (25/141)
HGIN	3	2.1 (3/141)
ESCC	17	12.1 (17/141)
Neoplastic lesions detected with LCI
LGIN	18	72.0 (18/25)
HGIN	3	100 (3/3)
ESCC	17	100 (17/17)
Neoplastic lesions detected with LCE
LGIN	21	84.0 (21/25)
HGIN	3	100 (3/3)
ESCC	17	100 (17/17)
Neoplastic lesions detected by different diagnosis modality
Only LCI	4	8.9 (4/45)
Only LCE	7	15.6 (7/45)
Both LCI and LCE	34	75.6 (34/45)
Neoplastic lesions per patient, mean (SD)	0.08 (0.29)

¹Suspected lesions included neoplastic lesions and false positives (lesions detected but not confirmed to be neoplastic after histological examination).

²Neoplastic lesions confirmed by histological examination.

ESCC: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; HGIN: High-grade intraepithelial neoplasia; LCE: Lugol chromoendoscopy; LCI: Linked color imaging; LGIN; Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia; SD: Standard deviation.