New uses for an old remedy: Digoxin as a potential treatment for steatohepatitis and other disorders

Table 2 Ongoing clinical trials of digoxin in non-cardiac diseases

Study title	Medication doses	Current status	Estimated study completion date	Clinical Trials.gov number	Number of participants	Country of trial
Phase 1
Inhibition of Sterile Inflammation by Digoxin	Digoxin 3.00 mcg/Kg/day vs Digoxin 0.15 mcg/Kg/day vs placebo	Recruiting	July 2023	NCT03559868	45	United States
Phase IB Trial of Metformin, Digoxin, Simvastatin in Subjects With Advanced Pancreatic Cancer and Other Advanced Solid Tumors	Metformin 850 mg po/day, Simvastatin 5 mg po/day, Digoxin 0.0625 mg po/day vs Metformin 850 mg po/day then 1700 mg po/day, Simvastatin 20 mg po/day, Digoxin 0.25 mg po/day vs Metformin 850 mg po/day then 1700 mg po/day Simvastatin 40 mg po/day, Digoxin 0.25 mg po/day then 0.375 mg po/day	Recruiting	December 2023	NCT03889795	15	United States
Effect of Digoxin on Clusters of Circulating Tumor Cells in Breast Cancer Patients	Digoxin 0.125 mg or 0.250 mg digoxin based on renal function and target serum digoxin concentration	Recruiting	June 2022	NCT03928210	9	Switzerland
Phase 2
Digoxin In Treatment of Alcohol Associated Hepatitis	Digoxin titration to goal 0.5 and 1.1 ng/mL vs no digoxin	Recruiting	August 2024	NCT05014087	60	United States
Evaluating the Effect of Digoxin and Ursodeoxycholic Acid in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis	Digoxin 0.25 mg + DMARDS vs UCDA 500 mg + DMARDS vs placebo + DMARDS	Recruiting	July 2022	NCT04834557	90	Egypt
FOLFIRINOX With Digoxin in Patients With Resectable Pancreatic Cancer	FOLFIRINOX + digoxin 0.125 or 0.250 mg for target digoxin level 0.8 to 1.2 ng/mL	Recruiting	February 2025	NCT04141995	20	United States
Topical Ionic Contra-Viral Therapy in Actinic Keratosis	Digoxin topical gel 0.125% vs furosemide topical gel 0.125% vs digoxin and furosemide gel 0.125% vs vehicle gel	Unknown	September 2019	NCT03684772	32	Netherlands
Phase II Multicentric Study of Digoxin Per os in Classic or Endemic Kaposi’s Sarcoma (KADIG 01)	Digoxin goal 0.6 to 1.2 ng/mL for age < 75 yr; Digoxin goal 0.5-0.8 ng/mL for age > 75 yr	Unknown	September 2019	NCT02212639	17	France

DMARDS: Disease-modifying antirheumatic drug; FOLFIRINOX: FOLinic acid, 5-Fluorouracil, IRINotecan and Oxaliplatin; UCDA: Ursodeoxycholic acid.