Postoperative morbidity adversely impacts oncological prognosis after curative resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma

Table 5 Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses of risk factors associated with overall survival following curative resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma

Variables	Univariable analyses		Multivariable analyses1
	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)
Age > 60 yr	0.341	1.190 (0.832-1.730)
Male sex	0.754	1.052 (0.766-1.445)
ASA score > 2	0.333	1.282 (0.775-2.120)
Obesity	0.772	0.928 (0.561-1.536)
Diabetes mellitus	0.063	1.595 (0.975-2.609)	0.288	1.324 (0.789-2.224)
Cirrhosis	0.222	1.283 (0.861-1.912)
Preoperative CA19-9 > 150 U/L	0.009	1.522 (1.112-2.083)	0.015	1.485 (1.079-2.044)
Maximum tumor size > 3 cm	< 0.001	1.809 (1.296-2.525)	0.001	1.805 (1.290-2.526)
Macrovascular invasion	0.014	1.507 (1.088-2.087)	0.012	1.527 (1.099-2.122)
Microvascular invasion	0.005	1.588 (1.151-2.192)	0.102	1.324 (0.946-1.853)
Peripheral nerve invasion	0.663	1.075 (0.776-1.488)
Poor tumor differentiation	0.005	1.608 (1.158-2.231)	0.003	1.654 (1.188-2.302)
Intraoperative blood transfusion	0.316	1.186 (0.850-1.654)
Intraoperative blood loss > 500 mL	0.593	1.108 (0.761-1.612)
Major hepatectomy	0.634	1.087 (0.771-1.531)
LN metastasis	0.016	1.551 (1.086-2.215)	0.021	1.527 (1.067-2.186)
Bismuth type, III-IV	0.346	1.163 (0.849-1.593)
Preoperative drainage	0.721	0.939 (0.665-1.326)
Postoperative morbidity	0.003	1.635 (1.178-2.269)	0.009	1.557 (1.119-2.167)

¹Those variables found significant at P < 0.100 in univariable analyses were entered into multivariable Cox regression analyses.

ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CI: Confidence interval; HR: Hazard ratio; LN: Lymph node.