Is precision medicine for colorectal liver metastases still a utopia? New perspectives by modern biomarkers, radiomics, and artificial intelligence

Table 1 Characteristics of different biomarkers of colorectal liver metastases.

	Biomarker characteristics
	Standardized	Reproducibility	Robustness (across series)	Early assessment	Reliability in prediction	(Potential) Clinical impact
Morphology and clinical data	d	e	c	e	b	c
Dynamic evaluation	d	e	e	b	d	e
Genetics	c	d	d	e	e	e
Peritumoral tissue data	c	d	c	a	d	d
Radiomics	b	c	c	e	c	d
Artificial intelligence	a	a	b	d	d	e

The performances of every biomarker are evaluated by a score, ranging from “a” if very low to “e” if very high.