Abnormal liver chemistries as a predictor of COVID-19 severity and clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients

Table 4 Multivariable Cox proportional hazards model for outcomes among hospitalized patients with a positive test for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2

Clinical predictors	Mechanical ventilation1		Mortality1
	Multivariable HR (95%CI)	P Value	Multivariable HR (95%CI)	P Value
Age	1.00 (0.99-1.01)	0.553	1.04 (1.03-1.05)	< 0.001
Male Gender	1.19 (0.99-1.43)	0.067	1.11 (0.90-1.37)	0.338
Overweight	0.93 (0.73-1.19)	0.577	0.75 (0.59-0.97)	0.030
Obesity	0.94 (0.74-1.19)	0.609	0.58 (0.44-0.77)	< 0.001
Liver diseases	0.84 (0.65-1.09)	0.198	0.78 (0.55-1.11)	0.164
Chronic respiratory disease	1.15 (0.95-1.38)	0.156	1.16 (0.94-1.45)	0.167
HT without complications	0.85 (0.68-1.06)	0.152	0.68 (0.53-0.89)	0.005
HT with complications	1.29 (1.01-1.66)	0.045	1.06 (0.78-1.430)	0.727
Congestive heart failure	0.78 (0.64-0.95)	0.014	1.00 (0.80-1.25)	0.987
Chronic neurological disease	0.78 (0.65-0.95)	0.012	1.44 (1.18-1.76)	< 0.001
Chronic kidney disease	0.94 (0.76-1.15)	0.535	1.55 (1.26-1.88)	< 0.001
ALT	1.00 (1.00-1.00)	0.420	1.00(1.00 - 1.00)	0.892
ALP	1.00 (1.00-1.00)	0.916	1.02 (1.02-1.03)	< 0.001
AST	1.00 (1.00-1.00)	0.003	1.00 (1.00-1.01)	< 0.001
T-Bil	1.06 (0.99-1.14)	0.008	1.21 (1.14-1.28)	< 0.001
Albumin	0.87 (0.76-1.01)	0.071	0.84 (0.71-1.01)	0.057
INR	0.91 (0.77-1.09)	0.312	1.12 (0.99-1.26)	0.071
PT	1.00 (0.98-1.02)	0.814	1.03 (1.02-1.05)	< 0.001
Neutrophil	1.00 (1.00-1.00)	0.858	1.00 (1.00-1.01)	0.008
BUN	1.01 (1.00-1.01)	<0.001	1.01 (1.01-1.02)	< 0.001
Creatinine	1.07 (1.02-1.13)	0.007	1.16 (1.11-1.22)	< 0.001
Interleukin-6	1.00 (1.00-1.00)	<0.001	1.00 (1.00-1.00)	< 0.001
CRP	1.02 (1.01-1.03)	0.001	1.04 (1.03-1.05)	< 0.001
Ferritin	1.00 (1.00-1.00)	0.002	1.00 (1.00-1.00)	0.001
D-Dimer	1.00 (0.98-1.02)	0.721	1.03 (1.01-1.05)	0.004
LDH	1.00 (1.00-1.00)	0.063	1.00 (1.00-1.01)	< 0.001

¹Age, gender, ethnicity, race, body mass index, and all the preexisting comorbidities were adjusted as confounders in the Multivariable Cox proportional hazards model.

SARS-CoV-2: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2; HT: Hypertension; ALT: Alanine aminotransferases; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; GGT: γ-glutamyl transpeptidase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; T-Bil: Total bilirubin; INR: International normalized ratio; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; PT: Prothrombin time; CRP: C-reactive protein; LDH: Lactate Dehydrogenase; HR:Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval.