Upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings in celiac disease at diagnosis: A multicenter international retrospective study

Table 2 Demography, celiac disease serology, and endoscopic findings of the overall population and by the age of diagnosis

Demographic data and upper GI endoscopic findings	Overall CeD population	≤ 50 yr	51-60 yr	≥ 61 yr
Patients	1328	1140 (85.8)	114 (8.6)	74 (5.6)
Age in yr	35 (26-43)	33 (25-39)	55 (53-56)	67 (63-71)
Female sex	1064 (80.1)	931 (81.7)	82 (71.9)	51 (41.0)
Patients with positive serology	1269 (95.6)	1092 (95.8)	109 (95.6)	68 (91.9)
Patients with at least one significant endoscopic abnormalities	135 (10.1)	102 (8.9)1	20 (17.5)	13 (17.6)
Reflux esophagitis with erosions	85 (6.4)	69 (6.0)	12 (10.5)	4 (5.4)
Esophageal ulcers	1 (0.2)	1 (0.1)	0	0
Esophageal cancer	0	0	0	0
Suspicion of metaplasia	16 (1.2)	10 (0.9)	3 (2.6)	2 (2.7)
Biopsy confirmed Barrett’s esophagus	3 (0.2)	2 (0.2)	0	1 (1.3)
Gastric erosions	27 (2.0)	20 (1.7)	3 (2.6)	4 (5.4)
Gastric ulcers	1 (0.1)	1 (0.1)	0	0
Gastric cancer	0	0	0	0
Duodenal erosions	15 (1.1)	8 (0.7)	3 (2.6)	4 (5.4)
Duodenal ulcers	15 (1.1)	10 (0.9)	4 (3.5)	1 (1.3)
Duodenal cancer	0	0	0	0

¹≤ 50-years-old vs other age categorizations: vs patients > 51-years-old: P < 0.01. Data are presented as n (%) or median and 25% interquartile range.

CeD: Celiac disease; GI: Gastrointestinal.