Epidemiology of liver cirrhosis and associated complications: Current knowledge and future directions

Figure 1 The latest epidemiological data on the major complications of liver cirrhosis. The prevalence of covert hepatic encephalopathy depends on the means of diagnosis, the stage of cirrhosis, the underestimation of HE, and the presence of other factors affecting the prevalence. For the prevalence of infections, these data were obtained from the Nationwide Readmissions Database; therefore, the total population included readmissions. SBP: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis; CHE: Covert hepatic encephalopathy; OHE: Overt hepatic encephalopathy; AKI: Acute kidney injury; HRS: Hepatorenal syndrome; MDRO: Multidrug-resistant organisms.