Hypoxia inducible factor 1α promotes interleukin-1 receptor antagonist expression during hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury

Figure 8 Model of ischemic preconditioning-induced hypoxia-inducible factor-1α-interleukin-1 receptor antagonist signaling to alleviate hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Ischemic preconditioning promotes the accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, which subsequently increases HIF-1α entry into the nucleus and promotes the transcriptional expression of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra). In turn, this inhibits the pro-inflammatory effects of IL-1β and eventually protects against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. HIF: Hypoxia-inducible factor; IL-1ra: Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist.