Anti-tumour activity and toxicological studies of combination treatment of Orthosiphon stamineus and gemcitabine on pancreatic xenograft model

Figure 4 Tumour growth curve of Panc-1 cells in subcutaneous pancreatic tumour growth in nude mice and tumour weight. Treatments were given when the tumours reached 100 mm³. A: Untreated; B: Gemcitabine (10 mg/kg per 3 d); C: C5EOSEW5050ESA (200 mg/kg per day); D: C5EOSEW5050ESA (200 mg/kg per day) and gemcitabine (10 mg/kg per 3 d) combination; E: C5EOSEW5050ESA (400 mg/kg per day); F: C5EOSEW5050ESA (400 mg/kg per day) and gemcitabine (10 mg/kg per 3 d) combination. Combination treatment of 400 mg/kg C5EOSEW5050ESA and gemcitabine (F) synergistically reduced the tumour growth compared to a single treatment. The combination treatment of 400 mg/kg C5EOSEW5050ESA and gemcitabine (F) significantly reduced tumour weight compared to a single treatment. Error bars represent standard deviations. Statistics analysis (^aP < 0.05; ^bP < 0.01; ^cP < 0.001, two-way ANOVA for tumour growth, one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s HSD posthoc test for tumour weight, n = 6 animals per group) using SPSS and GraphPad Prism 6.0 software.