Preoperative contrast-enhanced computed tomography-based radiomics model for overall survival prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma

Figure 2 Workflow of model construction and validation. A: Contrast-enhanced computed tomography image acquisition, tumour segmentation, region of interest selection, radiomics feature extraction and radiomics signature construction; B: Combination of the radiomics signature and clinical-pathologic characteristics to build the predictive model, the model was visualized via nomogram; C: Evaluation of the predictive model by using receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration curves, decision curve analysis curves and Kaplan–Meier curves. CECT: Contrast-enhanced computed tomography; ROI: Region of interest; AFP: Alpha fetoprotein; NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; OS: Overall survival; ROC: Receiver operating characteristic; AUC: Area under the curve; DCA: Decision curve analysis; BCLC: Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer.