Radiomics and nomogram of magnetic resonance imaging for preoperative prediction of microvascular invasion in small hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 5 Predictive performance of the nomogram prediction model for estimating the risk of microvascular infiltration presence in patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma

	Training set	Testing set	Validation Hospital B	Validation Hospital C
T1WI
C-index	0.771	0.846	0.895	0.830
95%CI	0.695-0.836	0.594-0.883	0.775-0.925	0.667-0.850
P value	< 0.001	0.0014	< 0.001	0.0001
T2WI
C-index	0.895	0.917	0.886	0.808
95%CI	0.834-0.940	0.640-0.915	0.746-0.906	0.654-0.867
P value	< 0.001	0.0001	< 0.001	0.0015
DWI
C-index	0.990	0.970	0.843	0.869
95%CI	0.957-0.999	0.843-0.997	0.685-0.881	0.694-0.899
P value	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.0001	< 0.001
AP
C-index	0.774	0.794	0.886	0.874
95%CI	0.706-0.833	0.615-0.876	0.695-0.899	0.674-0.884
P value	< 0.001	0.0025	< 0.001	< 0.001
PVP
C-index	0.746	0.831	0.918	0.870
95%CI	0.668-0.814	0.650-0.916	0.791-0.934	0.732-0.887
P value	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
HBP
C-index	0.990	0.971	0.912	0.808
95%CI	0.944-0.993	0.892-0.999	0.918-0.996	0.635-0.892
P value	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.0081

T1WI: T1 weighted imaging; T2WI: T2 weighted imaging; DWI: Diffusion weighted imaging; AP: Arterial phase; PVP: Portal vein phase; HBP: Hepatobiliary phase; 95%CI, 95% confidence interval; C-index: Concordance index.