Hepatocellular carcinoma, decompensation, and mortality based on hepatitis C treatment: A prospective cohort study

Table 3 Multivariate time-varying Cox regression analysis for hepatocellular carcinoma and death/transplantation in entire cohort

Variable	Hepatocellular carcinoma		Decompensation		Death/transplantation
	aHR (95%CI)	P value	aHR (95%CI)	P value	aHR (95%CI)	P value
Model 1
Untreated group	Reference	-	Reference	-	Reference	-
IBT group	0.47 (0.28-0.80)	0.005	0.16 (0.08-0.33)	< 0.001	0.28 (0.18-0.43)	< 0.001
DAA group	0.58 (0.35-0.96)	0.035	0.12 (0.03-0.33)	< 0.001	0.19 (0.10-0.35)	< 0.001
Age, yr	1.06 (1.03-1.08)	< 0.001	1.00 (0.98-1.03)	0.805	1.05 (1.03-1.06)	< 0.001
Male sex	2.50 (1.37-4.55)	0.003	-	-	1.70 (1.24-2.33)	< 0.001
HCV genotype			-	-	-	-
2	Reference	-
1	2.25 (1.45-3.48)	< 0.001
Others/unknown	1.72 (0.66-4.48)	0.266
Cirrhosis	3.81 (2.38-6.10)	< 0.001	9.26 (4.03-21.03)	< 0.001	1.88 (1.34-2.64)	< 0.001
Ever smoker	1.47 (0.82-2.66)	0.192	-	-	-	-
Alcohol consumption			-	-	-	-
None	Reference	-
Social	1.20 (0.73-1.98)	0.473
Significant	2.20 (1.14-4.24)	0.027
BMI, kg/m2	-	-	-	-	0.94 (0.89-0.99)	0.019
Diabetes mellitus	0.96 (0.59-1.56)	0.872	-	-	1.12 (0.77-1.62)	0.563
Albumin, g/dL	0.71 (0.44-1.15)	0.162	0.35 (0.20-0.63)	< 0.001	0.36 (0.25-0.51)	< 0.001
Total bilirubin, mg/dL	0.95 (0.80-1.12)	0.568	1.03 (0.98-1.08)	0.264	-	-
PT, INR	2.66 (1.13-6.24)	0.025	3.32 (1.08-10.19)	0.036	2.34 (1.06-5.16)	0.034
AFP, log10 ng/dL	2.12 (1.48-3.05)	< 0.001	1.54 (0.95-2.51)	0.08	1.29 (0.94-1.77)	0.112
Model 2
Untreated or no SVR	Reference	-	Reference	-	Reference	-
SVR	0.41 (0.26-0.65)	< 0.001	0.10 (0.04-0.29)	< 0.001	0.26 (0.17-0.39)	< 0.001
Age, yr	1.06 (1.04- 1.08)	< 0.001	1.02 (0.99-1.04)	0.152	1.06 (1.04-1.07)	< 0.001
Male sex	2.50 (1.38-4.54)	0.003	-	-	1.68 (1.23-2.30)	0.001
HCV genotype			-	-	-	-
2	Reference	-
1	2.25 (1.45-3.48)	< 0.001
Others/unknown	1.57 (0.60-4.09)	0.359
Cirrhosis	3.75 (2.35-6.01)	< 0.001	7.54 (3.32-17.15)	< 0.001	1.72 (1.23-2.41)	0.002
Ever smoker	1.53 (0.85-2.75)	0.156	-	-	-	-
Alcohol consumption			-	-	-	-
None	Reference	-
Social	1.24 (0.75-2.04)	0.397
Significant	2.69 (1.40-5.16)	0.003
BMI, kg/m2	-	-	-	-	0.94 (0.89-0.99)	0.024
Diabetes mellitus	0.99 (0.61-1.61)	0.959	-	-	1.10 (0.76-1.60)	0.612
Albumin, g/dL	0.76 (0.47-1.20)	0.238	0.42 (0.24-0.71)	0.001	0.42 (0.30-0.60)	< 0.001
Total bilirubin, mg/dL	0.96 (0.81-1.13)	0.624	1.03 (0.99-1.08)	0.156	-	-
PT, INR	2.53 (1.02-6.28)	0.044	4.42 (1.48-13.20)	0.008	2.69 (1.22-5.92)	0.014
AFP, log10 ng/dL	2.10 (1.46-3.02)	< 0.001	1.48 (0.90-2.44)	0.12	1.17 (0.86-1.60)	0.32

Total number of patients, 2197; number of hepatocellular carcinomas, 113; number of deaths, 202; number of transplantations, 4; number of decompensations, 69. AFP: Alpha-feto protein; aHR: Adjusted hazard ratio; BMI: Body mass index; CI: Confidence interval; DAA: Direct acting antivirals; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; IBT: Interferon-based therapy; PT: Prothrombin time; SVR: Sustained virologic response.