Hepatocellular carcinoma, decompensation, and mortality based on hepatitis C treatment: A prospective cohort study

Table 2 Annual incidence rates of hepatocellular carcinoma, decompensation and death/transplantation according to treatment exposure and the presence of cirrhosis

	Group	PY	No. of events	No./100 PY (95%CI)	HR (95%CI)	P value
Entire cohort	Hepatocellular carcinoma
	Untreated group	3285.4	65	1.98 (1.56-2.52)	Reference	-
	IBT group	3888.9	23	0.59 (0.39-0.89)	0.31 (0.19-0.49)	< 0.001
	DAA group	2158.0	25	1.16 (0.78-1.71)	0.59 (0.37-0.95)	0.029
	Decompensation
	Untreated group	3333.6	54	1.62 (1.24-2.11)	Reference	-
	IBT group	3950.1	10	0.25 (0.14-0.47)	0.15 (0.07-0.29)	< 0.001
	DAA group	2178.7	5	0.23 (0.10-0.55)	0.16 (0.06-0.39)	< 0.001
	Death or transplantation
	Untreated group	4438.3	148	3.33 (2.85-3.91)	Reference	-
	IBT group	4850.1	42	0.87 (0.64-1.18)	0.22 (0.16-0.31)	< 0.001
	DAA group	2467.2	16	0.65 (0.40-1.06)	0.30 (0.17-0.51)	< 0.001
No cirrhosis	Hepatocellular carcinoma
	Untreated group	2364.6	15	0.63 (0.38-1.05)	Reference	-
	IBT group	2971.8	6	0.20 (0.09-0.45)	0.30 (0.11-0.77)	0.012
	DAA group	1569.4	8	0.51 (0.26-1.02)	0.90 (0.37-2.18)	0.812
	Decompensation
	Untreated group	2369.9	6	0.25 (0.11-0.56)	Reference	-
	IBT group	2992.3	1	0.03 (0.00-0.24)	0.09 (0.01-0.74)	0.026
	DAA group	1573.4	0	0.00	0.00	N/A
	Death or transplantation
	Untreated group	3176.3	63	1.98 (4.15-7.12)	Reference	-
	IBT group	3712.3	22	0.59 (0.39-0.90)	0.26 (0.16-0.42)	< 0.001
	DAA group	1784.6	7	0.39 (0.19-0.82)	0.33 (0.15-0.75)	0.008
Cirrhosis	Hepatocellular carcinoma
	Untreated group	919.9	50	5.44 (4.15-7.12)	Reference	-
	IBT group	917.1	17	1.85 (1.16-2.97)	0.35 (0.20-0.61)	< 0.001
	DAA group	588.6	17	2.89 (1.81-4.61)	0.53 (0.30-0.92)	0.025
	Decompensation
	Untreated group	962.8	48	4.99 (3.78-6.57)	Reference	-
	IBT group	957.7	9	0.84 (0.49-1.80)	0.18 (0.09-0.37)	< 0.001
	DAA group	606.3	5	0.82 (0.34-1.97)	0.17 (0.07-0.44)	< 0.001
	Death or transplantation
	Untreated group	1262.1	85	6.73 (5.48-8.27)	Reference	-
	IBT group	1137.8	20	1.76 (1.14-2.71)	0.21 (0.13-0.35)	< 0.001
	DAA group	682.6	9	1.32 (0.69-2.52)	0.28 (0.14-0.56)	< 0.001

A Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine hazards ratios and P values. CI: Confidence interval; DAA: Direct acting antivirals; HR: Hazard ratio; IBT: Interferon-based therapy; N/A: Not applicable; PY: Person-year.