Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting overall survival in cirrhotic patients with acute kidney injury

Table 2 Cox regression analysis of predictors for death of cirrhotic patients with acute kidney injury in the training cohort

Variable	Univariate			Multivariate
	HR	95%CI	P value	HR	95%CI	P value
Age (≤ 60 vs > 60 yr)	1.003	0.989-1.017	0.670
Male (male vs female)	0.779	0.522-1.161	0.220
MAP (mmHg)	0.993	0.981-1.005	0.226
Heart rates (55 ≤ HR ≤ 100 vs HR > 100 bpm)	1.317	0.867-2.001	0.197
Etiology (viral hepatitis vs non-viral hepatitis)	0.897	0.521-1.248	0.335
Diabetes (absent vs present)	1.486	0.878-2.514	0.140	1.795	1.048-3.076	0.033
Previous esophagogastric variceal bleeding (absent vs present)	0.834	0.549-1.268	0.397
Ascites, (absent vs present)	1.594	0.507-5.012	0.425
Infections (absent vs present)	1.127	0.756-1.680	0.559
HE (absent vs present)	2.308	1.627-3.276	< 0.001	1.986	1.381-2.856	< 0.001
ACLF (absent vs present)	1.545	1.064-2.244	0.022
UO (mL/kg/h)	0.679	0.420-1.098	0.114
WBC count (109/L)	1.018	0.987-1.050	0.264
Platelet count (109/L)	1.000	0.998-1.003	0.805
Albumin (g/L)	1.001	0.971-1.032	0.963
Total bilirubin (≤ 4.0 vs > 4.0 mg/dL)	2.225	1.350-3.666	0.002
INR	1.625	1.282-2.061	< 0.001	1.390	1.081-1.787	0.010
Serum sodium (mmol/L)	0.957	0.933-0.982	0.001	0.964	0.937-0.992	0.011
Admission SCr (mg/dL)	1.121	0.975-1.289	0.109
Peak SCr (≤ 1.5 vs > 1.5 mg/dL)	2.407	1.326-4.371	0.004	2.026	1.109-3.702	0.022
HDL (mmol/L)	0.477	0.258-0.883	0.018
LDL (mmol/L)	0.871	0.696-1.090	0.227
CTP score	1.328	1.192-1.478	< 0.001
MELD score	1.057	1.034-1.082	< 0.001
MELD-Na score	1.036	1.022-1.050	< 0.001

HR: Hazard ratio; MAP: Mean arterial pressure; bpm: Beat per minute; SCr: Serum creatinine; HE: Hepatic encephalopathy; INR: International normalized ratio; ACLF: Acute on chronic liver failure; WBC: White blood cell; UO: Urine output; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; CTP: Child-Turcotte-Pugh; MELD: The model for end-stage liver disease; CI: Confidence interval.