Trends in medication use and treatment patterns in Chinese patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Table 4 Influencing factors of initial drug strategy in patients with ulcerative colitis

	5-ASA (n = 566)		CS (n = 213)		IFX/IMS (n = 43)
	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
Sex
Female	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
Male	1.02 (0.78-1.34)	0.8770	0.90 (0.63-1.27)	0.5397	0.98 (0.50-1.92)	0.9493
Age of onset	0.98 (0.95-1.02)	0.4057	1.03 (0.97-1.09)	0.3654	0.93 (0.87-0.99)	0.0233
Age at diagnosis	1.02 (0.98-1.05)	0.3876	0.96 (0.91-1.02)	0.1792	1.04 (0.98-1.10)	0.2434
Smoking status at diagnosis
Non-smoker	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
Current smoker	0.64 (0.41-1.00)	0.0490	0.67 (0.38-1.18)	0.1651	0.94 (0.32-2.79)	0.9156
Former smoker	0.76 (0.46-1.25)	0.2812	0.87 (0.45-1.67)	0.6713	2.04 (0.72-5.78)	0.1777
Unknown	3.39 (1.83-6.27)	0.0001	1.15 (0.42-3.19)	0.7864	3.42 (0.62-18.90)	0.1583
Region of urbanization
Rural	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
Urban	0.80 (0.60-1.07)	0.1311	0.82 (0.57-1.19)	0.2945	1.03 (0.51-2.08)	0.9245
Unknown	0.11 (0.02-0.64)	0.0138	0.23 (0.02-2.21)	0.2010	NS	NS
Occupation
Unemployed	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
Employed	2.85 (1.79-4.55)	< 0.001	1.23 (0.74-2.06)	0.4241	0.93 (0.34-2.53)	0.8866
Student	1.06 (0.39-2.87)	0.9159	0.57 (0.19-1.71)	0.3178	0.78 (0.12-5.10)	0.7976
Retire	2.39 (1.31-4.35)	0.0043	1.14 (0.55-2.39)	0.7216	2.02 (0.52-7.91)	0.3135
Unknown	2.07 (1.15-3.70)	0.0145	0.73 (0.36-1.46)	0.3691	1.93 (0.60-6.19)	0.2697
BMI category at diagnosis
Normal	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
Underweight	0.85 (0.55-1.31)	0.4669	1.22 (0.74-2.03)	0.4325	0.90 (0.36-2.22)	0.8136
Overweight + Obese	1.10 (0.73-1.64)	0.6532	0.52 (0.28-0.99)	0.0455	0.49 (0.14-1.77)	0.2757
Unknown	0.78 (0.55-1.12)	0.1742	0.78 (0.49-1.23)	0.2900	0.42 (0.16-1.11)	0.0785
Disease location
E1—proctitis	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
E2—left-sided	1.18 (0.78-1.78)	0.4254	1.67 (0.82-3.38)	0.1585	2.57 (0.54-12.20)	0.2331
E3—extensive colitis	1.58 (1.05-2.38)	0.0288	3.06 (1.54-6.08)	0.0014	2.93 (0.63-13.60)	0.1695
Unknown	4.41 (1.95-9.97)	0.0004	3.99 (1.23- 12.9)	0.0209	NS	NS
Disease activity (MAYO)
Remission	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
Mild	0.65 (0.22-1.92)	0.4374	1.04 (0.11-9.97)	0.9697	0.35 (0.03-3.86)	0.3905
Moderate	0.76 (0.26-2.22)	0.6156	2.99 (0.33-27.10)	0.3292	0.57 (0.06-5.61)	0.6308
Severe	0.32 (0.10-0.97)	0.0442	6.51 (0.71-59.60)	0.0972	1.91 (0.19-19.00)	0.5798
Unknown	0.39 (0.13-1.22)	0.1061	1.57 (0.16-15.30)	0.6994	0.09 (0.01-1.24)	0.0716
Extraintestinal manifestations
No	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
Yes	0.74 (0.41-1.31)	0.2993	1.94 (1.07-3.51)	0.0287	1.83 (0.72-4.62)	0.2025
Family history of IBD
No	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
Yes	0.68 (0.09-4.94)	0.7041	0.87 (0.08-10.00)	0.9096	NS	NS
History of gastrointestinal surgery
No	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
Yes	0.68 (0.36-1.26)	0.2163	0.57 (0.25-1.31)	0.1824	0.88 (0.18-4.23)	0.8683
Medication use before diagnosis (≤ 6 mo)
No	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
Yes	10.2 (7.19-14.5)	< 0.0001	7.23 (4.71-11.10)	< 0.0001	9.88 (4.77-20.50)	< 0.0001
Calendar year of diagnosis
< 2009	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
≥ 2009	0.31 (0.22-0.45)	< 0.0001	0.51 (0.30-0.85)	0.0097	3.12 (0.41-23.90)	0.2748

5-ASA: 5-aminosalicylates; CS: Corticosteroids; IMS: Immunosuppressants; IFX: Infliximab; OR: Odd ratio; CI: Confidence interval; BMI: Body mass index; NS: Non-significant; IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease.