Trends in medication use and treatment patterns in Chinese patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Table 3 Influencing factors of initial drug strategies in patients with Crohn’s disease

	CS (n = 132)		CS + IMS (n = 203)		IFX (n = 728)
	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
Sex
Female	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
Male	0.86 (0.57-1.29)	0.4577	0.49 (0.33-0.73)	0.0005	0.89 (0.70-1.13)	0.3295
Age of onset	1.02 (0.95-1.10)	0.5165	1.01 (0.93-1.09)	0.8581	0.99 (0.95-1.02)	0.4621
Age at diagnosis	1.00 (0.93-1.08)	0.9428	0.99 (0.92-1.07)	0.8167	0.98 (0.95-1.02)	0.3752
Smoking status at diagnosis
Non-smoker	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
Current smoker	0.91 (0.49-1.71)	0.7754	0.86 (0.48-1.54)	0.6041	0.64 (0.42-0.99)	0.0452
Former smoker	0.65 (0.26-1.62)	0.3560	0.66 (0.30-1.43)	0.2900	0.47 (0.28-0.81)	0.0062
Unknown	1.30 (0.46-3.71)	0.6211	NS	NS	1.11 (0.62-1.99)	0.7192
Region of urbanization
Rural	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
Urban	0.60 (0.40-0.89)	0.0117	0.49 (0.34-0.69)	< 0.0001	1.07 (0.85-1.35)	0.5761
Unknown	NS	NS	NS	NS	1.84 (0.76-4.49)	0.1794
Occupation
Unemployed	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
Employed	1.27 (0.72-2.23)	0.4031	1.01 (0.62-1.63)	0.9826	1.11 (0.78-1.58)	0.5578
Student	1.27 (0.53-3.05)	0.5960	0.98 (0.49-1.95)	0.9539	1.61 (1.02-2.53)	0.0408
Retire	0.62 (0.21-1.84)	0.3916	0.56 (0.16-1.94)	0.3619	1.74 (0.85-3.54)	0.1267
Unknown	0.46 (0.19-1.11)	0.0830	NS	NS	0.86 (0.54-1.37)	0.5216
BMI category at diagnosis
Normal	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
Underweight	1.30 (0.83-2.04)	0.2498	0.88 (0.60-1.30)	0.5295	0.92 (0.71-1.21)	0.5645
Overweight + Obese	0.56 (0.25-1.26)	0.1601	0.42 (0.20-0.88)	0.0204	0.47 (0.30-0.73)	0.0008
Unknown	0.46 (0.23-0.94)	0.0320	0.14 (0.04-0.46)	0.0012	0.81 (0.57-1.14)	0.2241
Disease location
L1—ileal location	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
L2—colon location	0.81 (0.41-1.57)	0.5317	0.74 (0.35-1.55)	0.4201	0.94 (0.63-1.43)	0.7869
L3—ileocolon location	0.58 (0.37-0.90)	0.0162	1.05 (0.69-1.61)	0.8105	1.12 (0.85-1.46)	0.4211
L4—including upper GI location	0.69 (0.31-1.56)	0.3708	1.91 (1.02-3.57)	0.0438	1.88 (1.20-2.96)	0.0061
Disease activity (CDAI)
Remission	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
Mild	0.84 (0.28-2.51)	0.7498	2.17 (0.84-5.61)	0.1091	1.44 (0.79-2.63)	0.2346
Moderate	1.56 (0.57-4.33)	0.3888	2.35 (0.94-5.86)	0.0664	2.08 (1.18-3.69)	0.0118
Severe	0.77 (0.19-3.04)	0.7050	0.46 (0.08-2.53)	0.3710	1.62 (0.83-3.16)	0.1576
Unknown	1.37 (0.45-4.15)	0.5791	0.88 (0.28-2.78)	0.8290	1.05 (0.56-1.98)	0.8746
Disease behavior
B1—inflammatory disease	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
B2—stricturing disease	0.82 (0.53-1.27)	0.3734	0.99 (0.67-1.47)	0.9531	0.63 (0.48-0.83)	0.0008
B3—penetrating disease	0.22 (0.10-0.48)	< 0.001	0.12 (0.05-0.30)	< 0.0001	0.39 (0.28-0.56)	< 0.0001
Extraintestinal manifestations
No	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
Yes	1.10 (0.65-1.87)	0.7105	1.88 (1.23-2.87)	0.0037	0.93 (0.67-1.28)	0.6605
Family history of IBD
No	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
Yes	1.46 (0.14-15.30)	0.7514	1.70 (0.22-13.10)	0.6104	1.67 (0.37-7.62)	0.5082
History of gastrointestinal surgery
No	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
Yes	0.35 (0.20-0.60)	0.0002	0.35 (0.20-0.59)	< 0.0001	0.55 (0.41-0.73)	< 0.0001
History of perianal surgery
No	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
Yes	1.36 ( 0.77-2.40)	0.2948	1.86 (1.20-2.87)	0.0052	2.68 (1.92-3.73)	< 0.0001
Medication use before diagnosis (≤ 6 mo)
No	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
Yes	1.94 (1.16-3.23)	0.0111	3.06 (2.04-4.58)	< 0.0001	1.33 (0.95-1.85)	0.0934
Calendar year of diagnosis
< 2009	Ref	—	Ref	—	Ref	—
≥ 2009	0.19 (0.09-0.40)	< 0.0001	0.77 (0.25-2.33)	0.6393	NS	NS

CS: Corticosteroids; IMS: Immunosuppressants; IFX: Infliximab; OR: Odd ratio; CI: Confidence interval; BMI: Body mass index; CDAI: Crohn’s Disease Activity Index; IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; NS: Non-significant.