Optimal timing of biliary drainage based on the severity of acute cholangitis: A single-center retrospective cohort study

Table 3 Association of the clinical outcomes in relation to the timing of biliary drainage and severity grading by Tokyo guidelines 2018

Severity of AC	Characteristic-median (IQR)	Drainage	Absence of drainage	P value	Drainage < 12 h	Drainage > 12 h or absence	P value	Drainage < 24 h	Drainage > 24 h or absence	P value		Drainage < 48 h	Drainage > 48 h or absence	P value
Grade I	IHM	0/302	1/131	0.303	0/54	1/379	1.000	0/128	1/305		1.000	0/199	1/234	1.000
	LOS (d)	11 (9-15)	7 (4-10)	< 0.001	11 (8-13.25)	10 (8-14)	0.778	11 (8-14)	10 (7-14)		0.004	11 (8-14)	10 (6-14)	0.002
	Survivors’ LOS (d) (n = 387)	12 (9-15)	8 (5-11)	< 0.001	11 (8-13.25)	11 (8-14)	0.794	11 (9-14)	11 (8-14)		0.065	11 (9-14)	10 (8-14)	0.101
	Hospitalization cost (CNY)	42845.67 (33734.18-52209.23)	15763.10 (7737.32-23680.31)	< 0.001	43328.59 (32863.61-49384.19)	35317.71 (18848.59-46850.08	0.001	44154.19 (35638.76-52219.56)	31292.68 (16269.75-44599.67)		< 0.001	42908.34 (33358.44-50564.68)	25519.43 (12347.06-42424.96)	< 0.001
	Survivors’ hospitalization cost (CNY) (n = 387)	42957.18 (33973.58-52224.73)	16596.85 (9096.73-24755.65	< 0.001	43462.72 (36174.00-49384.19)	36604.86 (21962.98-47554.27)	0.003	44443.3 (35988.02-52237.14)	33492.6 (46019.17-18880.26)		< 0.001	43264.07 (34606.54-51093.62)	29762.32 (16376.75-44463.21)	< 0.001
Grade II	IHM	2/306	5/99	0.011	0/69	7/336	0.608	0/139	7/266		0.101	1/193	6/212	0.125
	LOS (d)	11 (9-15)	7 (4-12)	< 0.001	11 (8-14)	11 (7-14)	0.684	11 (9-14)	10 (7-14)		0.122	11 (8-14)	10 (7-14.8)	0.190
	Survivors’ LOS (d) (n = 349)	12 (9-15)	7.5 (4.75-11.25)	< 0.001	11.5 (9-14)	11 (8-14)	0.367	12 (10-14)	11 (7-14)		0.024	12 (9-14)	11 (7-14)	0.050
	Hospitalization cost (CNY)	44033.13 (31071.05-56134.72)	17626.20 (10037.69-25587.43)	< 0.001	45832.44 (36061.53-56949.37)	36132.93 (21795.89-51453.62)	< 0.001	46789.09 (35989.59-57723.15)	31505.72 (19948.31-47463.61)		< 0.001	45489.74 (33858.99-57600.43)	29275.30 (16928.45-46255.47)	< 0.001
	Survivors’ hospitalization cost (CNY) (n = 349)	45004.20 (32631.09-56660.62)	16342.15 (10300.68-25017.80)	< 0.001	47938.00 (37937.29-58046.02)	36629.15 (22828.93-51509.37)	< 0.001	48254.61 (37937.29-58929.51)	31589.96 (20386.80-47062.76)		< 0.001	46564.37 (36191.07-57998.63)	29338.38 (17687.02-45685.12)	< 0.001
Grade III	IHM	11/307	22/160	< 0.001	3/89	30/378	0.168	7/178	26/289		0.041	9/225	24/242	0.018
	LOS (d)	13 (9-17)	8 (3-12)	< 0.001	13 (11-19)	11 (6-15)	< 0.001	13 (10-17)	10 (6-14)		< 0.001	13 (9-17)	9.5 (5-14)	< 0.001
	Survivors’ LOS (d) (n = 351)	13 (11-18)	9.5 (7-13.25)	<0.001	13 (12-19)	12 (9-16)	0.001	13 (11-17.75)	12 (9-15)		< 0.001	13 (11-17.75)	11 (8-15)	< 0.001
	Hospitalization cost	51583.64 (38985.47-64886.01)	20183.58 (11317.37-29525.99)	< 0.001	56599.94 (43260.73-70300.00)	38527.58 (21034.79-55279.53)	< 0.001	55121.49 (40428.29-67707.01)	31832.99 (17933.81-50037.89)		< 0.001	54295.52 (39252.57-65638.57)	28165.23 (15708.29-45478.26)	< 0.001
	Survivors’ hospitalization cost (CNY) (n = 351)	53507.33 (41027.94-65312.29)	22909.77 (15594.93-31845.39)	< 0.001	57976.4 (50131.44-70333.71)	43241.54 (28347.56-57860.29)	< 0.001	55873.84 (46654.40-69946.73)	38973.06 (24292.41-53090.85)		< 0.001	55782.38 (43994.26-66493.67)	34748.29 (21379.37-50147.24)	< 0.001

AC: Acute cholangitis; IQR: Interquartile range; IHM: In-hospital mortality; LOS: Length of stay; CNY: Chinese Yuan.