Endoscopic salvage therapy after failed biliary cannulation using advanced techniques: A concise review

Table 3 Summary of studies on reporting endoscopic ultrasound-guided rendezvous procedures

Ref.	Study design (patient number)	Malignant biliary obstruction	Success rate via EHBD	Success rate via IHBD	Overall technical success rate	Overall complication rate
Iwashita et al[10] (2016)	Prospective (n = 20)	60% (12/20)	86.7% (13/15)	75% (3/4)	80% (16/20)	15% (3/20); Hematoma (5%); Pancreatitis (10%)
Tang et al[40] (2016)	Retrospective (n = 25)	52% (13/25)	83.3% (20/24)	0 (0/1)	80% (20/25)	16% (4/25); Pancreatitis (12%); Cholangitis (4%)
Okuno et al[32] (2017)	Retrospective (n = 39)	62.5% (24/39)	84.6% (22/26)	68.8% (11/16)	78.6% (33/42)	16.7% (7/42); Pneumomediastinum (4.8%); Retroperitoneal perforation (2.4%); Cholangitis (2.4%); Peritonitis (4.8%); Pancreatitis (2.4%)
Nakai et al[41] (2017)	Retrospective (n = 30)	30% (9/30)	NA	NA	93.3% (28/30)	23.3% (7/30); Pancreatitis (10.0 %); Bile peritonitis (3.3 %); Cholangitis (3.3 %); Aspiration pneumonia (3.3 %); Gastric mucosa laceration (3.3 %)
Shiomi et al[42] (2018)	Prospective (n = 20)	40% (8/20)	83.3% (10/12)	87.5% (7/8)	85% (17/20)	15% (3/20); Biliary peritonitis (10%); Pancreatitis (5%)
Martínez et al[43] (2019)	Retrospective (n = 27)	0	81.5 % (22/27)	-	81.5 % (22/27)	11.1% (3/27); Pneumomediastinum (3.7%); Bile leak (3.7%); Pancreatitis (3.7%)
Matsubara et al[31] (2020)	Retrospective (n = 16)	68.8% (11/16)	93.3% (14/15)	100% (2/21)	100% (16/16)	6.3% (1/16); Pancreatitis (6.3%)
Overall	n = 177	43.5% (77/177)	84.9% (101/119)	74.2% (23/31)	84.4% (152/180)	15.6% (28/180); Pancreatitis (6.7%); Bile leak/peritonitis (3.3%); Cholangitis (1.7%); Pneumomediastinum (1.7%); Retroperitoneal perforation (0.6%); Hematoma (0.6%); Aspiration pneumonia (0.6%); Gastric mucosa laceration (0.6%)

¹Including one patient had initial extrahepatic bile duct approach attempt.

NA: Not available; IHBD: Intrahepatic bile duct; EHBD: Extrahepatic bile duct.